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Penn Entertainment’s origins date back to its 1972 racetrack opening in Pennsylvania. Today, Penn operates 43 properties across 20 states and 12 brands, including Hollywood Casino and Ameristar. Land-based casinos represented 89% of total sales in 2023; 11% was from the interactive segment, which includes sports, iGaming, and media revenue. The retail portfolio generates mid-30s EBITDAR margins and helps position the company to obtain licenses for the digital wagering markets. Additionally, Penn’s media assets, theScore and ESPN (starting with its partnership launch in November 2023), provide access to sports betting/iGaming technology and clientele, helping it form a leading digital position.

Penn Entertainment’s origins date back to its 1972 racetrack opening in Pennsylvania. Today, Penn operates 43 properties across 20 states and 12 brands (such as Hollywood Casino and Ameristar), with land-based casinos representing 89% of total sales in 2023 (11% was from the interactive segment, which includes sports, iGaming, and media revenue). The retail portfolio generates mid-30% EBITDAR margins and helps position the company to obtain licenses for the digital wagering markets. Additionally, Penn’s media assets, theScore and ESPN (starting with its partnership launch Nov. 14, 2023), provide access to sports betting/iGaming technology and clientele, helping it form a leading digital position.

MGM Resorts is the largest resort operator on the Las Vegas Strip with 35,000 guest rooms and suites, representing about one fourth of all units in the market. The company's Vegas properties include MGM Grand, Mandalay Bay, Park MGM, Luxor, New York-New York, and Bellagio. The Strip contributed approximately 62% of total EBITDAR in 2023. MGM also owns U.S. regional assets, which represented low-20s of 2023 EBITDAR (MGM's Macao EBITDAR was 17% of the total in 2023). MGM's U.S. sports and iGaming operations are currently a high-single-digit percentage of its total revenue. The company also operates the 56%-owned MGM China casinos with a new property that opened on the Cotai Strip in early 2018. Further, we estimate MGM will open a resort in Japan in 2030.

Melco Resorts & Entertainment is one of only six licensed casino operators in Macao. It operates Altira, a complex focused on premium customers; City of Dreams, an integrated resort in Cotai serving both mass-market and premium patrons; and Mocha Clubs electronic gaming machines. The company also has a majority interest in Studio City, which opened in 2015. Outside Macao, Melco owns City of Dreams Manila in the Philippines and City of Dreams Mediterranean in Cyprus. The business mix in terms of adjusted EBITDA was about 84% from Macao with the rest largely from the Philippines as of 2019.