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The Weekend: A surprise inflation reading is a headache for the Bank of England

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All eyes were on UK inflation data this last week, as a surprise jump in the rate at which prices increase took economists and investors by surprise.

Consumer prices rose 3% in January compared with the previous year, significantly above December's reading of 2.5% and the 2.8% forecast by analysts. The surge in inflation was driven largely by the introduction of VAT on private school fees and the absence of a drop in airfares normally seen in January.

Neil Birrell, chief investment officer at Premier Miton Investors, said: “A stagnant economy, with sticky inflation is not what the government or BoE want to see, but policy measures to easily sort the problem will be hard to come by.”

Here are some highlights from the last seven days, plus a glimpse at the week ahead.

Key moments from last week

A shopper in a Waitrose store in Canary Wharf, east London. Chancellor Rachel Reeves said her
The rate of Consumer Prices Index inflation increased to 3% in January, according to the Office for National Statistics. · Yui Mok - PA Images via Getty Images

UK inflation rise is a blow to Bank of England interest rate cut path

Wednesday's sharp increase in the rate of inflation, which pushed it further beyond the Bank of England's 2% target, puts a question mark over the central bank's strategy of slowly bringing down interest rates to bolster tepid economic growth.

Financial markets have reduced their expectations accordingly, with the probability of a cut dropping to 17% from 24% after Wednesday's reading. However, markets are still pricing in two more rate cuts by the end of 2025.

Person looking into the window of an estate agent on 1st February 2025 in Folkestone, United Kingdom. Housing in the UK is a very important contributing factor and measure in the economy as house prices and the property market continues to rise, pricing many people of lower incomes out of owning their own homes. Folkestone is a port town on the English Channel, in Kent, south-east England. The town lies on the southern edge of the North Downs and was an important harbour and shipping port for most of the 19th and 20th centuries. (photo by Mike Kemp/In Pictures via Getty Images)
Buyers are looking to the stamp duty deadline, with a conveyancing log-jam expected to get purchases over the line before the 1 April change. · Mike Kemp via Getty Images

Average UK house price rises to almost £368,000

While food and travel expenses were defying expectations, there was a slight slowdown in house price growth this month, thanks to a supply glut.

The average asking price for a UK home climbed 0.5%, which is less than normally seen in February, as the number of available properties for sale hit a 10-year high, according to new data from Rightmove (RMV.L).

Taxpayers to hand over £130bn to Bank of England in ‘stealth subsidy’

Britain's central bank was in the news again when the scale of losses incurred from its bond-buying programme in the wake of the 2008 financial crisis were revealed.

Slammed by critics as a “stealth subsidy to bankers", the eye-watering bill arising from rising interest rates and the unwinding of the BoE's quantitative easing initiative will have to be footed by the Treasury.

Highly-rated UK stocks that are still trading below pre-Covid levels

It was hardly surprising that stock markets took a hammering five years ago when the scale of the Covid-19 pandemic began to unfold. Perhaps more surprising is the fact dozens of London-listed stocks have never fully recovered.

Those still feeling the effects half a decade on have one thing in common — they were hit hard by the surge in inflation that resulted from disrupted supply chains during the pandemic.