In this analysis, my focus will be on developing a perspective on GNC Holdings Inc’s (NYSE:GNC) latest ownership structure, a less discussed, but important factor. The impact of a company’s ownership structure affects both its short- and long-term performance. Since the same amount of capital coming from an activist institution and a passive mutual fund has different implications on corporate governance, it is a useful exercise to deconstruct GNC’s shareholder registry. All data provided is as of the most recent financial year end.
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Institutional Ownership
GNC’s 53.45% institutional ownership seems enough to cause large share price movements in the case of significant share sell-off or acquisitions by institutions, particularly when there is a low level of public shares available on the market to trade. However, as not all institutions are alike, such high volatility events, especially in the short-term, have been more frequently linked to active market participants like hedge funds. In the case of GNC, investors need not worry about such volatility considering active hedge funds don’t have a significant stake. However, we should dig deeper into GNC’s ownership structure and find out how other key ownership classes can affect its investment profile.
Insider Ownership
I find insiders are another important group of stakeholders, who are directly involved in making key decisions related to the use of capital. In essence, insider ownership is more about the alignment of shareholders’ interests with the management. GNC insiders hold a not-so-significant 2.67% stake in the company, which somewhat aligns their interests with that of shareholders. However, a higher level of insider ownership has been linked to management executing on high-returning projects instead of expansion projects for the sake of apparent growth. In addition to this, it may be interesting to look at insider buying and selling activities. Keep in mind that buying may be sign of upbeat future expectations, but selling doesn’t necessarily mean the opposite as the insiders might just be doing it out of their personal financial needs.
General Public Ownership
A substantial ownership of 43.88% in GNC is held by the general public. With this size of ownership, retail investors can collectively play a role in major company policies that affect shareholders returns, including executive remuneration and the appointment of directors. They can also exercise the power to decline an acquisition or merger that may not improve profitability.