With the third quarter earnings season with us, the semiconductor industry continues to be filled with surprises. 2023 and the better part of 2024 have seen investors remain bullish about chips due to the increased market size resulting from artificial intelligence. Yet--at the same time--the pipers of Wall Street have also been wary of over-investing in artificial intelligence and the state of the broader chip manufacturing industry apart from the fortunes of the AI industry.
For the latter front, October has been quite eventful. It once again reminded us that even the firms closest to a monopoly these days aren't immune from either macroeconomic headwinds or from worried investors. It saw the shares of the most important company in the semiconductor industry tank by a stunning 21.64% in just two days after a rather interesting set of events.
This stock ranked 8th on our recent list of AI stocks that were trending in the news and this was unsurprising. It was due to report its earnings on October 16th, but the report ended up leaking a day earlier. Earnings leaks are a serious matter, and even more so for this firm since its business provides investors with early insight into the affairs of the semiconductor industry ahead of an earnings cycle for other firms.
The leaked earnings saw the firm guide its 2025 net sales at a midpoint of €32.5 billion as it warned that the weakness in the semiconductor industry "is expected to continue in 2025, which is leading to customer cautiousness." Since its machines are booked months in advance, the firm has a greater insight into its future cash flows than others, and investors were further spooked by its bookings. The bookings sat at €2.6 billion as of the third quarter, for a wide miss over midpoint analyst estimates of €5 billion.
Consequently, investors weren't impressed. The day that the earnings report leaked, the shares dropped by 16% for their biggest one-day drop in more than two decades. They continued their downward spiral the following day to close 6.42% lower and extend the two-day cumulative drop to 21.64%. While these drops might seem to be a bit too much since after all, you don't see multi-decade records get broken every day, they stem from the uncertainty that investors have to contend with when analyzing complex industries such as semiconductor fabrication.
Broadly speaking, the semiconductor industry is divided into three tiers. Starting from the top, firms like GPU and CPU designers are responsible for selling products to consumers and businesses. The second tier is made of manufacturers which produce the chips and the third is made of firms that provide the manufacturing equipment. Consequently, the fact that the chip manufacturing equipment provider's downbeat revenue guidance wiped off billions of dollars of capital from the semiconductor industry was unsurprising.
As per Bloomberg, following the bookings miss and lower guidance, US-listed chip stocks, and Asian stocks bled a collective $420 billion in value. Michael Roeg, an analyst at investment bank Petercam Degroof provided more color into the drop. After the release, he shared that sales trends at the world's largest contract chip manufacturer "are a misleading indicator for the overall health of the semiconductor industry." This is because the firm "has been spending rather low capex numbers so far this year, and they may do so again next year because their overall (plant) utilization is not as good as their sales numbers suggest."
Utilization refers to the percentage of time that expensive chip machines are running and producing chips and fabs prefer to have high rates since it decreases the time it takes for them to recuperate their investment. Low capital expenditure affects utilization since if utilization is low then chip manufacturers do not feel the need to spend heavily for new machines. In sum, these trends mean that semiconductor spending at the bottom tier of the industry remains muted unless demand picks up and utilization grows.
Shifting gears, the top tier of the industry is divided into several categories. One category includes firms like Wall Street's favorite AI stock, the GPU designer whose shares are up 198% year-to-date. Due to the market's rush into AI, while investors have been kind to this firm, they have been far more prudent for others. One such firm is responsible for manufacturing silicon carbide chips that are used for power management by electric vehicles. Since the demand for EV vehicles has slowed, leading to the shares of Elon Musk's car company losing 12.3% year to date, the shares of this firm haven't done well either. They are down 18.3% year to date, and if you're interested in knowing more about this stock, we've included it in today's list.
This overall bifurcation in the semiconductor industry hasn't skipped the attention of institutional investors. According to Jefferies' October Trading Positioning Survey, the percentage of investors overweight on semiconductor stocks was 42%, a strong 18-point drop over July's figures. The funds that were underweight on these stocks grew by five points from July to sit at 16%, so let's take a look at the stocks that they have shorted.
Our Methodology
To make our list of Jefferies' top overcrowded semiconductor short positions, we ranked the top ten crowded short positions from the latest Trading Positioning Survey by their shares short as a percentage of outstanding shares.
For these stocks, we also mentioned the number of hedge fund investors. Why are we interested in the stocks that hedge funds pile into? The reason is simple: our research has shown that we can outperform the market by imitating the top stock picks of the best hedge funds. Our quarterly newsletter’s strategy selects 14 small-cap and large-cap stocks every quarter and has returned 275% since May 2014, beating its benchmark by 150 percentage points. (see more details here).
A semiconductor engineer in a state-of-the-art laboratory, analyzing advanced semiconductor products.
ON Semiconductor Corporation (NASDAQ:ON) is the silicon carbide manufacturer that we mentioned in the introduction to this piece. The fact that its shares are down 18.31% year to date along with its exposure to the automotive and industrial industries also makes it unsurprising that it is the second most overweight short semiconductor stock among institutional investors according to Jefferies. A lack of diversification has hit ON Semiconductor Corporation (NASDAQ:ON) hard since during H1 2024, 53% of its $3.6 billion in revenue came from automotive products. Reduced industrial activity and industrial inventory buildup also led to the firm's H1 2024 industrial revenue dropping by 21% annually. Subsequently, two key factors are driving ON Semiconductor Corporation (NASDAQ:ON)'s hypothesis. First is naturally a recovery in its key markets, and as long as it remains muted, investors should stay on the sideline. The second is ON Semiconductor Corporation (NASDAQ:ON)'s downsizing strategy through which it aims to offload some semiconductor fabrication to contract manufacturers. While this can allow the firm to reduce operating expenses, it carries the risk of being at the mercy of industry capacity in case industrial and automotive activity sharply picks up.
Artisan Partners mentioned ON Semiconductor Corporation (NASDAQ:ON) in its Q1 2024 investor letter. Here is what the fund said:
“ON Semiconductor is a leading designer and manufacturer of chips for power management and image sensing. From a battery-electric vehicle (EV) standpoint, ON is a leading producer of silicon carbide chips. Shares have been under pressure as the company grapples with multiple quarters of inventory right-sizing across the entire auto supply chain and slower-than-expected growth of EV sales. However, ON is seeing smaller sales declines than peers due to market share gains, and we believe the company will be equally well positioned if automakers rebalance their efforts from full EVs toward hybrid vehicles. We remain patient.”
Overall ON ranks 2nd on Jefferies' list of the top semiconductor stocks institutional investors are shorting. While we acknowledge the potential of ON as an investment, our conviction lies in the belief that some AI stocks hold greater promise for delivering higher returns and doing so within a shorter timeframe. If you are looking for an AI stock that is more promising than ON but that trades at less than 5 times its earnings, check out our report about the cheapest AI stock.
