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Timothy Herbert

Thank you, Ezgi, and thanks, everyone, for joining our business update call for the fourth-quarter and full year 2024.
2024 was filled with many important milestones, including surpassing 90,000 patients treated with Inspire therapy, exceeding 350 peer reviewed publications, the US FDA approval of the Inspire V neurostimulator, European Union Medical Device Regulation approval, which included full-body MRI compatibility, the approval of countrywide reimbursement in France and our first full year of profitability.
We continue to strengthen our leadership team and recently announced an organizational change aimed at fueling our future growth. We welcome the new Chief Manufacturing and Quality Officer, Jason Kelly, who will lead our supply chain, quality assurance and regulatory teams.
Carlton Weatherby was promoted to the expanded role of Chief Strategy and Growth Officer and assumed leadership of the US sales and marketing teams. Randy Ban transitioned to the newly created role of Executive Vice President of Patient Access and Therapy Development, a new team tasked with enhancing therapy outcomes and patient access, increasing focus on research and clinical evidence development and leading our key opinion leader communications and medical society relationships.
Randy will also continue to lead our international teams. The organization is energized by these enhancements, and we look forward to another year of strong execution in 2025.
Earlier in the year, we pre-announced that we generated revenue of $239.7 million, representing a 25% increase compared to the fourth quarter of 2023. Given our strong performance, we are reiterating our full year 2025 revenue guidance of $940 million to $955 million, representing 17% to 19% growth year over year.
Net income for the fourth quarter was $35.2 million compared to $14.8 million in the prior year period. Represented diluted net income of $1.15 per share compared to $0.49 per share in the fourth quarter of 2023.
With this, we are excited to announce that 2024 was our first full year of profitability with diluted net income of $1.75 per share compared to a loss of $0.72 in 2023. Further, we generated $130 million in operating cash flow for the full year, and we plan to improve profitability in 2025.
As such, in 2025, we expect diluted net income to be in the range of $2.10 to $2.20 per share. As you know, in 2024, we received FDA approval for the Inspire V neurostimulation system. A key feature of the Inspire V device is that it incorporates respiratory sensing internal to the neurostimulator, eliminating the need to implant the pressure sensing lead.
This feature is designed to provide benefit to the patient with one fewer component to the physician with reduced surgical time and to the company with reduced production complexity and cost. Further, the Inspire V device provides the capability for future software-based enhancements, including sleep detection for auto-activation and sleep performance tracking.
We have already gained valuable experience with the Inspire V device with systems implanted in both Singapore and in the US, and early feedback has been positive. We are continuing with our limited market release in the US and we will continue to gain further experience with Inspire V procedures at additional US sites as we move towards full launch during the year.
The primary factor driving the timing of our full launch remains building sufficient inventory to support the expected demand in the US. For the procedures performed in the US to date, all cases utilized CPT code 64568 and received prior authorization from the insurance carriers.
CPT code 64568 was originally used by Inspire for the first eight years since our approval in 2014 and accurately describes the Inspire V procedure, namely one neurostimulator and one stimulation lead. The current CPT code 64582 was only incorporated a few years ago and will continue to be used with all Inspire IV cases.
We want to emphasize that the professional fee in CPT code 64568 appropriately reflects the reduced work of implanting the Inspire V system, specifically the elimination of implanting the pressure sensing lead. The surgical placement of the sensing lead has long been a source of discomfort for ENT surgeons, as it is not where they typically operate.
We believe the resulting reduction in surgical time associated with not placing the sensing lead will result in a comparable reimbursement rate for the surgeon on a time adjusted basis. Further, we believe the benefits of surgeon comfort and confidence with the Inspire V procedure will free up surgeon time to perform additional Inspire cases and will encourage more surgeons to adopt Inspire therapy.
The new Inspire SleepSync programming system has been fully launched in the United States. The goal for the new system is to provide more efficient patient programming and improved access to patient data to assist the healthcare provider in their decision making.
A key feature of this system is that healthcare providers may utilize their own laptop or tablet and simply log in to SleepSync to access programming screens. With this upgrade, Inspire is no longer required to provide laptops or tablets, further reducing operational complexities.
With respect to our market development activities, we continue to advance our medical education programs, and in 2024, we hosted over 300 advanced practice providers, 300 ENT residents, and 150 sleep fellows at Inspire training programs.
The primary focus of our APP or advanced practice provider initiative is to improve capacity in both sleep and ENT clinics to meet the strong patient demand we continue to see for Inspire therapy. In 2025, we plan to increase the investments we are making in our medical education programs, including ongoing resident, fellowship and APP training, continued participation in cardiology and primary care conferences, and initiating a continuing medical education program to support the awareness and adoption of Inspire therapy in cardiology and primary care.
We focus our patient marketing and education programs to deliver broad therapy awareness as well as provide a pathway for patients to connect with a healthcare provider that offers Inspire through our website and Advisor Care Program.
In 2024, we designed our outreach programs to be more targeted, and one example is with our digital advertising strategy, which has contributed to a significant increase in patient engagement at a lower cost.
In 2025 and beyond, we plan to continue to invest in our robust marketing programs with the goal of further enhancing patient awareness of Inspire therapy and improving a patient's ability to connect with the healthcare provider. An exciting example to improve the patient experience is with digital scheduling, an online tool used by our Advisor Care Program to directly submit electronic appointment requests to qualified healthcare providers on behalf of prospective patients.
We currently have 300 centers using this tool, and we plan to expand this program in 2025.
On the market access front, we continue to make progress updating our commercial payer policies to our expanded FDA labeling. Additionally, we facilitate patient access to Inspire therapy by assisting patients in obtaining prior authorization coverage decisions from payers.
In this regard, we have steadily expanded our prior authorization team to enhance our ability to provide this assistance.
Before I turn the call over to Rick, I would like to provide one additional update. On January 17, we received a civil investigative demand from the Department of Justice. The CID requests information relating to the marketing, promotion, and reimbursement practices associated with our products.
We intend to fully cooperate with the investigation and provide the information requested. We are confident in the strength of our compliance programs and procedures, and we remain committed to conducting our business ethically and in compliance with applicable laws and regulations.
In summary, we remain focused on the patient to continue the growth and adoption of Inspire therapy. We will execute our growth strategy of driving higher quality patient flow and increasing the capacity of our provider partners to effectively treat and manage more patients.
Our key strategies include adding advanced practice providers, certifying additional surgeons qualified to implant Inspire therapy, and driving the adoption of SleepSync and our digital tools, all of which are embedded strategies in our commercial team's objective to increase provider capacity.
Looking ahead, we remain excited about our future and are confident that we have the appropriate strategy in place to drive long term stakeholder value.
With that, I'd like to turn the call over to Rick for his review of our financials.

Richard Buchholz

Thank you, Tim, and good afternoon, everyone.
Total revenue for the quarter was $239.7 million, a 25% increase from the $192.5 million generated in the fourth quarter of 2023. US revenue in the quarter was $231.6 million, an increase of 22% from the $189.4 million in the prior year period.
Revenue outside the US was $8.1 million, which was a 163% increase year over year. In the fourth quarter, we added 72 new US centers, bringing the total to 1,435 active US centers, as well as 12 new US sales territories, bringing the total to 335 US sales territories.
Gross margin in the quarter was 85%. Total operating expenses for the quarter were $171.8 million, an increase of 11% as compared to $155.2 million in the fourth quarter of 2023. This planned increase was primarily due to the expansion of our sales organization and increased general corporate costs, partially offset by a reduction in R&D and patient marketing and education expenses year over year.
Interest and dividend income totaled $5.5 million in the quarter compared to $5.9 million in the prior year period. Operating income for the quarter totaled $31.9 million compared to $9.3 million in the prior year period.
Net income for the quarter was $35.2 million or a 15% net income margin compared to net income of $14.8 million or 8% net income margin in the prior year period. This represented diluted net income per share of $1.15 compared to $0.49 in the fourth quarter of 2023. Adjusted EBITDA totaled $62.7 million or a 26% adjusted EBITDA margin in the fourth quarter compared to adjusted EBITDA of $33 million or a 17% adjusted EBITDA margin in the fourth quarter of 2023.
The weighted average number of diluted shares outstanding in the quarter was 30.8 million. We are excited to announce that we generated $69 million in operating cash flow during the fourth quarter, bringing the full year total to $130 million and increasing our total cash and investment balances to $517 million at December 31.
This strong cash position allows us to remain focused on executing our growth strategies. For the full year 2024, revenue totaled $802.8 million, a 28% increase over $624.8 million in 2023. US revenue was $771 million, a 27% increase year over year, while revenue outside the US totaled $31.8 million, a 71% year over year growth.
Operating income totaled $36.1 million for full year 2024 compared to an operating loss of $40.3 million in 2023. Net income was $53.5 million for full year 2024, a 7% net income margin compared to a net loss of $21.2 million for full year 2023, a 3% net loss margin.
Adjusted EBITDA totaled $157.8 million for 2024, a 20% adjusted EBITDA margin compared to adjusted EBITDA of $44.9 million and a 7% adjusted EBITDA margin in 2023. Full year diluted net income per share totaled $1.75 compared to a net loss of $0.72 per share in 2023.
Moving on to 2025 guidance. We continue to expect full year revenue to be in the range of $940 million to $955 million, representing an increase of 17% to 19% compared to full year 2024 revenue, and we expect full year gross margin to be in the range of 84% to 86%.
We expect diluted net income for the full year 2025 will be between $2.10 to $2.20 per share. As previously discussed, we'll no longer guide to or report on centers. However, to give you a sense of how our commercial organization is scaling, we will continue to provide territories and field clinical representatives going forward.
Although not formal guidance, we would like to provide additional color on 2025. Now that we have reached profitability, we expect our reported tax rate in 2025 to be roughly 10% primarily related to state and local taxes. Excluding the impact of any share repurchases that we may complete over the remainder of 2025, we expect the full year diluted shares outstanding to be approximately 31 million.
In conclusion, our strong performance and business momentum provide us with confidence in our outlook for 2025.
With that, our prepared remarks are concluded.
Dilem, you may now open the line for questions.

Question and Answer Session

Operator

(Operator Instructions) Travis Steed, Bank of America Securities.

Travis Steed

I wanted to first ask about the EPS guidance. I'm thinking of should we assume a linear path to profitability here, assuming there's some conservatism kind of built into the 2025 EPS guidance. And then also wanted to ask about the DOJ CID as well.

Richard Buchholz

Sure. Hey, Travis. I'll take the first part of the question.
On earnings per share guidance, we are committed to improving our annual operating margin on a year over year basis. And given our revenue seasonality that we've had traditionally from Q4 to Q1, we do not expect to be profitable in the first quarter, but then we'll have sequential improvement thereafter on a quarterly basis throughout the year.

Travis Steed

And on the DOJ CID?

Timothy Herbert

Absolutely.
We see that January 17, it's very new. It's obviously active. So there's only so much detail that we can provide, but we're committed to working with the inquiry and provide the information that's necessary. We're committed to conducting our business ethically and in compliance with applicable laws and regulations and to working with our customers and other value partners continue to provide high quality medical devices.
We do not anticipate that the investigation will interfere with the important work we're doing, to improve the lives of patients who need our products. So as noticed, the investigation remains ongoing. As such, really don't have additional comments or details at this time.

Operator

Danielle Antalffy, UBS.

Danielle Antalffy

Tim, I wanted to follow up on the commentary around the 300 centers that are doing the automated scheduling or online scheduling or, however you characterize it, sorry, if I'm mischaracterizing it, but have you seen -- what have you seen from a growth perspective at those centers? Have you seen growth accelerate from a patient volume perspective or maybe the right way to ask the question is more streamlined process?
Maybe talk a little bit about what you've seen at those centers. What kind of impact that's having on the ability to work through volumes?
And one quick follow up question on Inspire V and reimbursement, your favorite topic.

Timothy Herbert

No problem. Hi, Danielle.
Let's take it back a little bit. You've been with us for a while tracking the story. We did a pilot program a few years ago. And what we want to do is measure the success of patient appointments using digital scheduling as compared to the normal pathway, which would be through direct phone calls or via email between the center and the patient.
And we saw a significant advantage by using the digital scheduling, meaning the Advisor Care Program has direct linkage into the center to send the patient appointment request directly and it really streamlined that process.
Therefore, in 2024, we started to ramp up the number of centers that were participating in that program. And we ended the year at about 300 centers and it's a big initiative as we start this year to continue to take advantage of the technology to improve via patient's ability to make an appointment.
So we're going to keep pushing that program based on the success of the pilot program we saw a couple of years ago.

Danielle Antalffy

And then just on Inspire V reimbursement, appreciate the commentary you provided thus far. I mean one of the things we talk about, I know you and I have spoken about this in the past, is physician reimbursement. And maybe you could talk a little bit about what you're hearing from your physicians and whether they're happy with reimbursement as it is or is that a barrier I guess I should ask to physicians doing the procedure if the physician fee does come down a little bit.

Timothy Herbert

Absolutely. Thanks, Danielle.
We don't believe it's going to be a barrier. In fact, we think it's the opposite. It's going to be opportunistic. I think the purpose of Inspire V was to remove a key barrier that we had with ENT surgeons, and that was the placement of the pressure sensing lead in the chest wall of the patient, which is just not where they operate every day.
Therefore, with the accomplishment of V, it is reduced work, but it's the right kind of reduction of work, so the ENTs can focus on their strength, placing the electrodes, tunneling and placing the neurostimulator. And that's the feedback that we saw with the cases in Singapore and the centers that we already have implanting patients in the United States to date.
The feedback is exactly that, wow, we're not in planning the pressure sensing lead anymore and they're able to progress to the next case. And with that, we believe there's going to be reduced surgical time. And the reimbursement will be -- on a time adjusted rate will be consistent between Inspire IV and Inspire V, allowing them to do more cases in the day and the reimbursement for ambulatory surgical centers is actually higher.
So for those surgeons who have a stake in their ASC, there's a benefit to be able to bring more Inspire cases to the ASC. So we don't think it's going to be a barrier. I think that there's talk early on, of course, about the rates, but once we move further into a limited launch and into full launch, we don't think this will be a barrier as physicians will quickly progress.
If I can add one more topic to this. What we talked about last year quite a bit with physician reimbursement or the professional fee is making sure that the ENTs have efficiencies in their practice and that's what we talk about when we talk about APPs or advanced practice providers to ensure that the APPs are able to educate the patients in the office to be able to help streamline the patient flow or help them navigate through the practice.
And the surgeon focuses on performing the surgical implant of Inspire, thereby maximizing their time and really taking care of the reimbursement.
So we don't think it's going to be a barrier as we move into Inspire IV or Inspire V as we progress into the year.

Operator

Robbie Marcus, JPMorgan.

Robbie Marcus

Very nice profitability.
Maybe, for Rick. Considering that we are having -- going from a limited launch to a full launch of Inspire V sometime during the year, how do you want us to think about the phasing of revenues and expenses and margin as we go through the year? You talked about negative EPS in the first quarter, but how should we think about where -- how do you want us maybe versus historicals, and do you think the streets is in a good spot for first quarter to start the year?

Richard Buchholz

Yeah. Hey. Thanks, Robbie.
Yeah, we normally don't discuss consensus, but given the Inspire V launch dynamics, we did make some comments earlier this year about Q1. And generally, we are comfortable with Q1 estimates, but we do expect to see sequential improvement in revenue throughout the year, after we have our seasonality in the first quarter.
And we're going to continue to make investments in our business and in R&D as well as continue with our expansion of our footprint. We will continue adding sales territories and adding centers and we're not going to be guiding to it, but generally, it will probably be in line with our historical trend.
So we'll continue to increase expenses throughout the year, but with that, the increase of sequential growth in revenue, profitability will follow.

Robbie Marcus

And maybe one just on GLP-1s. I know it's painful to bring it up, but it just got added to one of the labels for sleep apnea. I wanted to see what, if anything, you're seeing in the field, the clinical discussions and just the latest on how you see Inspire fitting into the equation.

Timothy Herbert

Sure. Thanks, Robbie.
I mean we don't see GLP-1s as a difficult subject. Of course, we spent a lot of time talking about it. As you realized that or just stated, just came on label and I think we're still trying to understand how it's going to be covered and really what the strategy is to be able to educate the sleep physicians and what the distribution plan is.
That being said, we haven't seen the tailwind yet, but we believe it's coming what's going to really help patients lose weight and reduce their lateral wall collapse to be able to qualify for Inspire. We continue to believe that this is a benefit for Inspire and for patients to help them lose weight who whereby they wouldn't qualify for Inspire.
So we continue to work with our sites. We have several single sites that are conducting early work to try and measure the success of helping patients lose weight and qualify for Inspire. And we'll continue to monitor and report back, but I think it's still pretty early on and again, we haven't seen the tailwind yet.

Operator

Chris Pasquale, Nephron Research.

Chris Pasquale

Rick, you made great progress in '24 on profitability. As I look at the '25 guidance, I know you said you're committed to improve margins for the year, but it doesn't seem like it's implying the same kind of leverage that we saw last year.
So when we think about the big buckets for spending, R&D was down in '24. I think you said the DTC was going to kind of flatten out. Should we expect any of those to really ramp up here or what else is implied in the earnings guidance that you guys gave?

Richard Buchholz

Sure.
With our guidance of $2.10 and $2.20 per share, Chris, we do expect that revenue growth will continue to outpace OpEx growth. DTC, we're expecting that to be flat year over year. So roughly $94 million. R&D will will probably run mid teens as a percentage of revenue. And so -- and we also mentioned the tax rate will be roughly 10%.
And so it does imply with our guidance that we will have low single digit operating income margin. So there will be some improvement, but we are committed to improving our annual margin improvement but we are going to continue to invest in long term growth. We're very lowly penetrated in our potential market as well as the number of surgeons as well as centers.
So we're in this for the long term. And on a longer term basis, we still believe that we can still reach 30% operating margins.

Chris Pasquale

And with the Inspire V launch, when you do make that transition, is there any sort of near term impact on gross margin that we should think about? Is that initial inventory coming through going to be higher cost of production or is that not a factor?

Richard Buchholz

No factor. We did increase our year -- our annual gross margin guidance to 84% to 86%. So that does include a tailwind in the gross margin from Inspire V. If there's any short term items, we don't see that at this time.

Timothy Herbert

Chirs, got to give you a shout-out. Congratulations. Fly Eagles Fly.

Chris Pasquale

Thanks, Tim.

Operator

Anthony Petrone, Mizuho Financial Group.

Anthony Petrone

I'll second the congrats to Pasquale there. It was a great game for the Eagles.
Maybe a couple on Inspire V, Tim. Just when we think about, you ended the year at a little bit over 1,400 centers. Can you share how many centers in the United States actually have Inspire V at this point?
And at what point do you expect that to be fully launched throughout all sites in the United States? And the quick follow up will just be on the sites that are doing it in the United States and Singapore, can you share how many cases they are doing per day? Like what is the uptick in daily cases at those early adopter sites?

Timothy Herbert

Absolutely. Thanks.
I think the key is Singapore started earlier. And we mentioned earlier in the year that they had done 40 of a of a plan, I think 46 and they've accomplished a couple more since then but they're going to complete that group.
Then we did the first cases in Pittsburgh as we mentioned earlier since we've opened up just a couple additional sites with several additional plans in the next month and we'll keep ramping the limited market releases as we move forward.
Again, the limiting factor to our full launch is building of our product and that continues to be -- we're progressing there. So that's real positive. But we're learning quite a bit as we continue to increase the number of centers during the limited market release.
So we'll keep scaling up the LMR through the year and when we have proper quantities to do the full launch, we will broadly launch the product.

Operator

Richard Newitter, Truist Securities.

Richard Newitter

I'll just try to squeeze two quick ones, and congrats on the profit this quarter.
I guess the first, I think you had spoken in the past about a back half versus first half waiting in part due to Inspire V. Could you just reconcile that with the comment that you feel comfortable with 1Q? And maybe just help us understand what the magnitude of that first half, second half might look like.
And then just second, in your 10-K, you said that you're looking to drive an increase in utilization at established centers or growth in center utilization. I guess can you just talk about what exactly that means? I know you're not giving utilization growth guidance anymore, but just is there anything in that that you can parse out for us?

Richard Buchholz

Sure.
Again, regarding guidance, we provide annual guidance. We don't like to speak too much on the quarterly breakdown. But we do expect our seasonality, we are comfortable with Q1 where estimates are at. And we expect to have sequential growth thereafter.
You can look back historically and what our sequential growth has been. We're not signing off on that, but we're really expecting to have continued increase in our sequential revenue as we have done in the past from a revenue standpoint.
There's still a lot of moving parts with the Inspire V launch and the biggest one is making sure we have adequate inventory on hand, but we're very excited. This is our largest product launch in the history of the company. And so we're excited to get the full launch going.
And then on your second question, we are -- in our guidance assumptions, we are assuming the Inspire V launch in our guidance, but we're not really assuming much impact to our throughput. But we didn't specify utilization, Rich, so much but we did say that we're going to continue to expand our footprint of territories and centers.
And that's generally in line with what we've done historically. But we're no longer providing those metrics, but we will give you an update on sales reps and field clinical reps going forward.

Richard Newitter

But just to be clear, there's no major difference on first half, second half seasonality versus prior years in your current guidance because of Inspire V?

Richard Buchholz

No. I mean you've seen our historicals though. It builds throughout the year, right? Because we have seasonality that resets in Q1 and then generally revenue builds throughout the year.

Operator

David Rescott, Baird.

David Rescott

Congrats on the finish of the year here.
Two from us and maybe I'll ask both of them up front. Obviously, we have the heard the comments on the cadence for the full year broadly. I'm curious if you could maybe parse out, whether or not, international and specific as something that should be accretive to the growth.
And then when you think about the pieces on the P&L for 2025, heard the comments on tax and spend, but just curious what your assumption is maybe for interest income, which is a bigger component, of the P&L.

Richard Buchholz

Sure. Thanks for your questions.
Regarding OUS revenue, we still -- it has trended for quite some time to be between 3% and 4% of our worldwide revenue. That will continue for the foreseeable future in 2025.
As quickly as the US is growing, it's hard to keep pace given it's between 3% and 4% of our worldwide revenue. We don't expect that to change in 2025.
And then your other question --

Ezgi Yagci

Interest income will be $20 million for the year.

Richard Buchholz

Did you catch that? $20 million for the year. Roughly $5 million per quarter for interest income.

Operator

Adam Maeder, Piper Sandler.

Adam Maeder

Congrats on the leverage in the quarter.
I wanted to start with one on Gen V. In our checks, it's been pretty consistent. The 5th gen device should unlock faster procedure times and drive increased capacity. But I guess the question is how do you help kind of ensure that the extra OR capacity is allocated to Inspire versus the other ENT procedures that the doc has on his or her plate?
And is there anything that you can do to kind of help the doc stack Inspire cases, and then I had a follow up?

Timothy Herbert

Yeah. No, I think that's a really important item.
And we work with the ENTs to look at what are the other procedures that are demanding your time. And we did a search on our own with CPT codes of general ENT procedures to look on a permanent basis what competes with Inspire and it turns Inspire is at the higher end of the list for those procedures that our ENTs are performing.
The key to it is building the efficiencies to it such that the ENTs -- probably some of the ENTs that you talked about in your checks, are the high volume implanters, and they have support teams to be able to educate patients, help navigate patients, whereas the surgeons can spend a lot of their time in the operating room.
And if they have partners that can also participate in doing implants. And so we need to make sure that we build the efficiencies so if they can do spend more time in the OR.
And then the key is to set case days and that's really the priority for us this year too, where when they come in the morning, they know this is an Inspire day. And so it's not just for the surgeon, it's for everybody in the OR suite.
They know what procedure are happening. They know what equipment and what surgical trays to have in there. And everybody can perform at a high level. It's even down to the reimbursement. The reimbursement people know it's an Inspire day. So they know what codes to be able to use in that day for those cases.
So it's about driving consistency and really starting to stack case days and show the benefit of Inspire V with the reduced time. Make sure the OR supervisor understands that, such as they add another case without risking going into a second shift or an overtime.
But on the other hand, they don't want the lights out in that OR suite either. So it's all about building the efficiencies and we think Inspire V is really going to build the confidence and the comfort for the ENTs to do so.

Adam Maeder

And just one quick one on gross margin for Rick. 84% to 86% for the full year is the guidance. Just wanted to kind of maybe flesh out some of the key assumptions there. And I guess specifically the impact from the Gen 5 launch. How much of a positive contributor is Gen 5 to gross margin this year or do we see more of kind of a pronounced impact benefit to gross margin in '26?

Richard Buchholz

Sure. We did increase our guidance by 100 basis points at the midpoint. And we have assumed the Inspire V launch in our guidance. And I think we've captured it with the tailwind of Inspire V, but 2026 would be a first full year of the impact more so in '26 than in '25 given that we're already in mid February.

Operator

Larry Biegelsen, Wells Fargo.

Larry Biegelsen

Tim, could you talk for a minute about just the logistics of transitioning back to the cranial nerve stimulation code? How does that work for Medicare and commercial patients, and do you envision a period of time when centers do both, Inspire IV and Inspire V, and I had one follow up?

Timothy Herbert

Sure.
I think three years ago, we transitioned from 64568 to 64582 and here we are by eliminating the pressure sensor, we're transitioning right back. And so we've done this and we work with the payers and a lot of them still have the old, the 64568 still in their system.
The key to it is making sure we update the software at the payers and CMS such that when the hospitals or the centers and ASCs build that code that it goes through. So we work with every payer to make sure that the policies are updated to include both codes, including with CMS to have both codes. Because to your point, as they worked on the Inspire IV inventory, there may be a short period of time where they are using both codes. There's no question about that.
And while we have several sites on the Inspire V limited launch now using 64568, those centers are in fact also doing Inspire IV cases. So it's a little bit of hand holding up front. But again, as we mentioned, we expect a full launch through the year and transition by the end of the year. So most sites will all -- and the payers will all be transitioned over by then.

Larry Biegelsen

And Tim, what are you assuming in the guidance for competition and any potential warehousing of patients before the full launch of Inspire V?

Timothy Herbert

Absolutely.
I think competition, it's been very quiet. We don't know anything there. And you'll have to do that inquiry on your own. But we know that if they get approval, that there will be some experimenting with some of the academic centers. So we're prepared for that and we include that into our guide, no question about that.
We also know that as we transition into V, there will be patients that will want to wait. We believe that to be quite limited now, but there are patients who are aware of V and that it's forthcoming and that they are -- they may want to choose to wait, but we don't think we're seeing a lot of that yet.
But as we continue to ramp up, we'll monitor that very closely, but again, we do kind of build that into our guide as well.

Operator

Shagun Singh, RBC.

Shagun Singh

I guess just to follow up on the DOJ investigation. Are you may be willing to share what your initial assessment is of the time and scope of this investigation? Any next steps or potential timelines if you can share, and estimates around potential cost to be incurred? Do you have a third-party looking into this? Just curious if you can share anything in addition to what you already have.

Timothy Herbert

Sure.
We just received it on January 17. We're just still in the very early stages. We're committed to conducting our business ethically and in compliance with applicable laws and regulations. We'll work with all our customers and other valued partners to continue to provide the Inspire products.
We do not anticipate that the investigation will interfere with the work that we do to improve the lives of our patients. And again, so early on, we just can't provide the details, but again, we have confidence in our policies and we'll continue to work closely with the investigation to provide the information that they need.

Shagun Singh

And then I was hoping you can touch a little bit on your guidance philosophy. You're obviously exiting 2024 on a pretty high note, 25% year over year growth you're guiding to, high teens. What are you assuming in terms of a step down. Besides law of large numbers, it seems it's just that.
But then what factors can really help you deliver another year of 2025 growth? It seems like the Inspire V launch you said it's going to be a bit of a phased commercial launch. So maybe help us think through how you thought about the guidance and what you factored in for Inspire V.

Timothy Herbert

We build a detailed plan at the beginning of the year. We take into account all the elements that you identified. Rick earlier had identified many of those elements as well as, as far as the tailwinds and even some challenges we see to build a detailed model.
It's early in the year. And so as we progress, we see -- we'll continue to open up new centers but we expect the majority of our growth to come from increased work at existing centers or same-store sales. And we'll continue to scale our field team to be able to continue our growth and continue to invest in our growth going forward.
Rick talked about continuing our DTC program, consistent with prior year. And we're going to continue to invest in our R&D and again, very excited about launching Inspire V as we move into the year.

Operator

Brett Fishbin, KeyBanc.

Brett Fishbin

Just one for me. I was hoping you could provide a bit more color on where you currently stand around the inventory build for Inspire V ahead of the full market launch. It feels like this keeps coming up really as the primary driver of timing.
And then maybe if you could just touch on if there was any like barriers with the production process that was preventing this from happening as fast as as you ideally wanted.

Timothy Herbert

Sure.
We are opening up a brand new production line or I should say we have opened a brand new production line. Those are units off that line have been implanted in Singapore. Did the first implants last year in the US and additional sites here this year.
It is an active production line. We are building inventory and we're starting to scale that production line. So with every new line, as you continue to scale up, we continue to make sure that we find efficiencies and then we add to the capacity of that production line.
So the team is there today and working hard to continue to produce product and scale that up. We did not disrupt the Inspire IV production line, which continues to manufacture product today. Because again, once we transition in the United States, we do not have approval in Europe to be able to do Inspire V.
So Inspire IV will be needed into the future. So we are building a brand new production line. It's just a normal process of going through the setup process. It's fully qualified. It is active, and we are in the process of scaling right now.

Brett Fishbin

And just really quick follow up on that one. Is there a general target level of inventory either in dollars or maybe like weeks of cases that you're trying to get to?

Timothy Herbert

Without specifically stating a number, really what we're preventing, we don't want to start stop. We will have Inspire IV, but once we transition to V, we want to go. And so we're going to keep on a limited launch as we build up that inventory and keep increasing the number of centers as we scale up.
But once we go to a full launch, we want to make sure that we have inventory to go forward. Again, we just do not want to start stop and having to go back to IV and then restart V. So we're going to be a little bit careful about that.

Operator

Jon Block, Stifel.

Jonathan Block

Maybe just to follow up on that last one. For Inspire V, I think I'm just trying to get a better feel for how back-end weighted it is or how it ramps throughout the year.
And Tim, is it fair to say, look, this is going to be less than 5% of the overall procedures in 1Q? It seems like you're certainly targeting full conversion in 4Q. I mean do we think about it surpassing 50% evolves in the third quarter? Maybe you could just talk about the cadence and how we get there over the four quarters and then I'll ask a follow up.

Timothy Herbert

Yeah. Jon, I think you generally are describing it correctly as we start to ramp it up. I think that we want to be transitioned by the end of the year. I think it's certainly safe to say we're less than 5% in the first quarter. And it just kind of grows through the year as we progress.
So the way you describe it, generally, we're comfortable with that.

Jonathan Block

And then just to pivot, UnitedHealthcare coverage changes. I think I've got this right, just sort of like reimplementing the DISE. The wording is a little awkward, but call it the implementation of the absence of complete blockage. What do you think about those changes, Tim? Do you expect them to stick?
And was the reimplementation of the DISE a little bit of a surprise? Obviously with predictor, seemingly, you're hoping to go the other way with these payers throughout 2025.

Timothy Herbert

Are you like referring to like United?

Jonathan Block

Yeah. I thought I meant United but correct yes, United.

Timothy Herbert

Yeah. I think we're working with United. They've made too many changes over a period of time. So we need to have discussions with them, but I think the intent is they understand what predictor is about and if there's a way to more efficiently work with patients to understand who can qualify for Inspire United support of all that, but we need to continue to communicate with that.
The physicians are doing a great job in documenting the study and preparing the manuscript. So that's getting close to be able to be submitted. And we'll continue to work with the payers. But I don't think the intent is to really go back and forth with DISE. I think there's just more communication that has to happen to make sure we clarify that.
But again, we're going to continue to work with other payers to not necessarily specify the need for DISE, but to make sure that it's up to the physician to properly diagnose the patient so they are qualified for Inspire by using what method is appropriate for that patient.
That could be a DISE, could be just BMI, could be neck circumference, but make sure we have the flexibility built into the system. So it's up to the physician to make that determination.

Operator

Michael Polark, Wolfe Research.

Mike Polark

Just one for me, bigger picture. I know the center disclosure is going away in '25, although Rick, I did hear you say quarterly adds is probably about in the zone of what we've seen in the last couple years. So I'm square there. It gets you at the end of '25 to say 1,600 or 1,700 centers. I'm just curious before this disclosure goes away, like can you update us on your longer term view of what a potential center base might look like?
What are you planning for over a three to five year horizon? What's the latest math there?

Timothy Herbert

Yeah. Thank you, Mike.
I think we want to stay consistent and keep growing. As we talked about with some of our organization, we have a group that's focused on a lot of our national contracts and ASCs and to be able to help transition when we get to V into some of those centers.
Because we believe we can get an increase in utilization at those sites as well as grow same-same store sales across the board. So we look at continually expanding. We're at the very early stages as you know with ASCs.
And even when we look at some of our national contracts, we're in the very early stages of adoption. So we have quite a long way to go. And now we have a group specific to addressing those targets and helping those national accounts really be able to adapt Inspire and really take advantage of the Inspire V.

Operator

Mike Kratky, Leerink Partners.

Mike Kratky

Tim, I'd love to circle back on some of those comments on the ASCs. So A, to what extent does driving continued adoption among ASCs fit into your strategic priorities this year? And then can you just help us understand what kind of an impact that could have just based on the different economics in that setting?

Timothy Herbert

Actually, I think one of the challenges we had was the economics at ASCs. And specifically, with the adjusted economics down south. And it limits the ability of ASCs to be able to adopt a strong Inspire program.
Going to the new CPT code, 64568, it actually increases the reimbursement at ASCs approximately $1,100. And that takes them from a breakeven or a loss situation into a slightly positive in some of the locations. And that really is an impetus to allow some of the physicians to take more cases -- Medicare cases to their ASC.
They can already bring the commercial cases there. But there's a group of private practice ENTs who do most of their implants in their ASC and they're unable to really participate with Inspire today due to the economics.
So I think this new coding change will certainly help them. And we're going to put a concentrated effort to be able to help these ASCs really grow the adoption.

Operator

Suraj Kalia, Oppenheimer & Co.

Suraj Kalia

Congrats on a strong end to the year. Tim, I appreciate your comments about not providing any more commentary on the DOJ investigation. It's still early, but maybe you can shed some color for us. Let's say 30,000 patients were implanted in FY24. How many of them would you say have not tried a CPAP at all?

Timothy Herbert

I don't specifically know that, but I think very few.
It's a pretty hard requirement that we have as well as the physicians have, as well as the payers including government payers related to DOJ like Medicare and Medicaid. It's a pretty hard standard that everybody takes very seriously.

Operator

Thank you. This concludes the Q&A session for the conference.
I'd now like to turn it back to Tim for any closing remarks.

Timothy Herbert

Thanks, Dilem.
Thank you all for joining the call today.
As always, I'm grateful to the growing team of dedicated, Inspire employees for their enthusiasm, hard work, and continued motivation to achieve successful and consistent patient outcomes. The team's commitment to patients remains unmatched and is the most important element to our success.
I wish to thank all of our employees as well as the healthcare teams for their continued efforts as we remain focused on further expanding our business in the US, Europe, and Asia.
For all of you on the call, we appreciate your continued interest and support of Inspire and look forward to providing you with further updates in the months ahead.

Operator

Thank you. This concludes today's conference call. You may now disconnect.