Yahoo Finance

Any forward-looking statements that we make in this presentation speak only as of the date of this presentation. Except as required by law, we assume no obligation to update forward-looking statements contained in this presentation, whether as a result of new information, future events, or otherwise after the date of this presentation. Finally, Ocugen's annual report on Form 10-K covering 2024 will be filed today. I will now turn the call over to Dr.

Musunuri.

Shankar Musunuri -- Co-Founder, Chairman, and Chief Executive Officer

Thank you, Tiffany, and thank you all for joining us today. We are eager to share the ongoing progress of our novel modifier gene therapy platform across all three clinical programs. It was especially exciting to announce last week that we reached an alignment with the FDA to move forward with a Phase 2/3 pivotal confirmatory trial for OCU410ST BLA targeting Stargardt disease, making it possible to potentially expedite our clinical development timeline by two to three years, which is expected to save significant costs in addressing disease burden even sooner than anticipated. This important news also brings us closer to our goal of three potential BLAs in the next three years: OCU400 in 2026, OCU410ST in 2027, and OCU410 in 2028.

We know this is a bold ambition, but I am confident that we have the strategic and scientific expertise, along with an unrelenting commitment to patients to deliver on our commitment. During 2024, we continuously advanced our programs, in line with enrollment and dosing timelines, and are continuing to drive the product pipeline forward in 2025. Throughout development, we are providing data to validate our revolutionary platform. To support our efforts in the clinic, we secured $65 million in equity and debt financings in the second half of 2024 that extends cash runway into the first quarter of 2026.

Let's discuss our OCU400, our lead candidate in more detail. Retinitis pigmentosa affects 300,000 people in the U.S. and EU combined and 1.6 million globally and is associated with mutations in more than 100 genes. With only one product on the market that addresses 1% to 2% of patient population, you can see the ability for OCU400 to meet a tremendous unmet medical need and potentially capture all the market share through its gene-agnostic mechanism of action.

In February, the European Commission provided a positive opinion from the European Medicines Agencies, EMA, committee for advanced therapies for OCU400 advanced therapy medicinal product, ATMP, classification. ATMP classification is granted to medicines that can offer groundbreaking opportunities for the treatment of disease and accelerates the regulatory review timeline of this potential one-time gene therapy for life. Additionally, this classification allows Ocugen to interact with EMA more frequently for scientific advice and protocol assistance. In January, we announced positive two-year safety adequacy data from the OCU400 Phase 1/2 clinical trial that demonstrated clinically meaningful improvement of two-line gain, 10 letters on the ETDRS chart in low-luminance visual equity, LLVA, in treated eyes when compared to untreated fellow eyes.

This treatment effect was statistically significant with a p-value of 0.005 in all subjects, regardless of mutation at two years, demonstrating the long-term durability for OCU400. These two-year LLVA findings, which are the most sensitive measure of visual function, are consistent with the results observed at one year. The Phase 3 study, spanning one year, will enroll 150 participants divided into two study arms: 75 participants with the RHO gene mutations and 75 participants who are gene agnostic. In each arm, participants will be randomized in a 2-1 ratio to receive either treatment which is 2.5 times 10 to the tenth vg per eye of OCU400 or remain in an untreated control group, respectively.

We're actively enrolling patients in the U.S. and Canada in the Phase 3 liMeliGhT clinical trial of OCU400 and intend to complete enrollment in the first half of 2025 to remain on track to meet BLA and MAA filings targets mid-2026. Next up is OCU410ST. With no approved treatment options available for patients with Stargardt disease, 100,000 patients in the U.S.

and Europe, combined, are desperate for an answer. OCU410ST with a single subretinal injection has potential to treat Stargardt in all ABCA4-associated retinopathies and in the fourth quarter received orphan medicinal product designation from the EMA for the treatment of ABCA4-associated retinopathies. Earlier this week, we announced that OCU410ST also received ATMP classification, along with OCU410, which is a critical step to potentially address the severely unmet medical needs in the very near future. Six-month data from Phase 1 of the OCU410ST GARDian trial demonstrated clinically meaningful two-line, 10-letter improvement in visual function measured by best corrected visual acuity, BCVA, which is statistically significant with a p-value of 0.02 in treated eyes.

100% of evaluable treated eyes demonstrated stabilization or improvement in visual function. There was 52% slower atrophic lesion growth in OCU410ST-treated eyes versus untreated fellow eyes after a single injection at six months in seven patients and 103% slower atrophic lesion growth in treated eyes versus untreated fellow eyes at 12 months in two patients. OCU410ST maintains a favorable safety and tolerability profile with no serious adverse events, including no cases of ischemic optic neuropathy, vasculitis, intraocular inflammation, endophthalmitis or choroidal neovascularization, and no adverse events of special interest. The Phase 2/3 pivotal confirmatory trial of OCU410ST will randomize 51 subjects, 34 of whom will receive a single subretinal, 200-microliter injection of OCU410ST at a concentration of 1.5 times 10 to the 11th vector genomes, vg, per ml in the eye with the worst visual acuity and 17 of whom will serve in untreated controls.

The primary endpoint in the clinical trial is change in atrophic lesion size. The secondary endpoint include visual equity as measured by best corrected visual equity and LLVA compared to untreated controls. One-year data will be utilized for the BLA filing. We plan to initiate the Phase 2/3 study mid-2025 and are targeting BLA submission by 2027.

Now let's move on to our developments in OCU410, which is specifically designed to address multiple pathways implicated in the pathogenesis of dry age-related macular degeneration, dAMD, and offer a distinct advantage over current treatment options that target only one pathway, the complement system. Currently, FDA-approved treatment options require frequent intravitreal injections, about six to 12 doses per year, and are accompanied by various safety considerations. For example, roughly 12% of patients developed with macular degeneration, following treatment. It is also important to note, there are no approved therapies for geriatric atrophy, GA, in Europe.

OCU410 has the potential to regulate all four pathways related to disease progression, lipid metabolism, inflammation, oxidative stress, and activation of the complement system, thereby addressing the underlying causes of this disease. Approximately 2 million to 3 million patients in U.S. and EU and 8 million patients globally suffer from GA, advanced form of dAMD. Preliminary nine-month data of OCU410 showed clinically meaningful two-line or 10-letter improvement in visual function LLVA in treated eyes compared to untreated eyes in the Phase 1 portion of the trial.

Subjects showed considerably slower lesion growth, 44% from baseline in treated eyes versus untreated fellow eyes at mine months and follow-up data from the Phase 1 study. Preservation of retinal tissue at nine months around GA lesions of treated eyes with a single injection of OCU410 in Phase 1 compared favorably to published data and a leading FDA-approved complement inhibitor given monthly or every other month at the same time points. In the Phase 2 study, the safety and efficacy of OCU410 in patients with GA secondary to dAMD will be assessed. 51 patients were randomized 1-1-1-into either of two treatment groups, medium or high dose, or a control group.

In the treatment group, subjects received a single subretinal 200-microliter administration of five times 10 to the 10th vector genomes, or vgs, per ml, which is a medium dose; or 1.5 times 10 to the 11th vgs per ml, high dose, while the control group remained untreated. This week, the DSMB convened and reviewed the safety and tolerability profile of an additional 15 subjects from the Phase 2 portion of the study. No serious adverse events related to OCU410 have been reported to date in all 60 subjects, including Phase 1. Unlike currently available treatments for GA, there were no cases of ischemic optic neuropathy, vasculitis, intraocular inflammation, endophthalmitis or choroidal neovascularization, and no adverse events of special interest.

Interim clinical data from the ArMaDa clinical trial will be available in the second half of 2025. This data will help us design a future pivotal confirmatory Phase 3 study planned for 2026 and enable our potential BLA and MAA filings as soon as 2028. Given the multifunctional effect of our modified gene therapy, the profound unmet medical need, limited treatment options, and the fact that it is designed as a one-and-done treatment, we believe OCU410 can be a potential gold standard for treating GA worldwide. Lastly, I would like to call attention to our biologic candidate and inhalation vaccines platform.

OCU200 moved into the clinic, and patients are currently being dosed in Phase 1 clinical trial for diabetic macular edema, DME. OCU200 has the potential to change the treatment landscape for DME; diabetic retinopathy; and wet macular degeneration, wet AMD, with its unique mechanism of action, binding the active component, tumstatin, to integrin receptors that play a crucial role in disease pathogenesis and holds the promise to benefit all DME patients, including the 30% to 40% of patients who do not respond to current anti-VEGF therapies. The OCU200 Phase 1 clinical trial is a multicenter, open-label, dose-escalation study to assess drug safety via intravitreal injection in three cohorts: low dose, 0.025 milligrams; medium dose, 0.05 milligrams; and a high dose, 0.1 milligram. All subjects will receive a total of two intravital injections of OCU200 six weeks apart.

Patient follow-up will take place up to three months after the last injection. Approximately 12 million people in the United States, 130 million people worldwide are affected by DME, DR, or wet AMD. The investigational new drug, IND, application for OCU400, the company's inhaled mucosal vaccine for COVID-19 was cleared by the FDA. The National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, NIAID, part of the National Institute of Health, is expected to sponsor and conduct the Phase 1 trial to assess the safety, tolerability, and immunogenicity for OCU400 administered via two different routes: inhalation into the lungs and intranasally as a spray.

The Phase I trial will enroll 80 adult subjects aged 18 to 64 years. 40 subjects will be assigned to the low-dose group, and 40 subjects will be assigned to the high-dose group. Within each group, 20 subjects will receive the inhalation form of the vaccine, and the other 20 subjects will receive the intranasal form. The primary aim of the study is to determine safety, while secondary and exploratory endpoints include antibody production, systemic, as well as mucosal, and a number of breakthrough COVID-19 infections.

OCU500 is based on a novel chimpanzee adenovirus-vectored, ChAd36, technology. Earlier clinical studies to prevent COVID-19 that employed a similar technology administered by inhalation demonstrated increased mucosal and systemic antibodies and a durable immune response up to one year using one-fifth the dose compared to the same vaccine administered intramuscular. The Phase 1 clinical trial is anticipated to start in the second quarter of 2025. I'll now turn the call over to Ramesh Ramachandran to provide the financial update.

Ramesh?

Ramesh Ramachandran -- Chief Accounting Officer

Thank you, Shankar, and good morning, everyone. I will now provide an overview of the key financial results of the fourth quarter and full year of 2024. Our research and development expenses for the quarter ended December 31, 2024, were $8.3 million, compared to $7.8 million for the fourth quarter of 2023. For the full year ended December 31, 2024, research and Development expenses were $32.1 million, compared to $39.6 million for the year ended December 31, 2023.

General and administrative expenses for the fourth quarter ended December 31, 2024, were $6.3 million, compared to $5.2 million for the fourth quarter of 2023. General and administrative expenses for the year ended December 31, 2024, were $26.7 million, compared to $32.0 million for the year ended December 31, 2023. Net loss was approximately $13.9 million or $0.05 net loss per share for the quarter ended December 31, 2024, compared to a net loss of approximately $11 million or $0.04 per share net loss for the fourth quarter 2023. Full-year net loss was $54.1 million or $0.20 net loss per share, compared to a net loss of $63.1 million for the full-year 2023 or $0.20 net loss per share.

Our cash and restricted cash totaled $58.8 million as of December 31, 2024, compared to $39.5 million as of year ended December 31, 2023. We expect that our cash and restricted cash will enable us to fund operations into the first quarter of 2026. As always, we are proactively exploring shareholder-friendly opportunities to increase our working capital, including partnerships, that will drive long-term strategy for our scientific platforms. That concludes my update for the quarter.

Tiffany, back to you.

Tiffany Hamilton -- Head of Corporate Communications

Thank you, Ramesh. We will now open the call for questions. Operator?

Questions & Answers:

Operator

[Operator instructions] Our first question comes from the line of Michael Okunewitch from Maxim Group. Please go ahead.

Michael Okunewitch -- Maxim Group -- Analyst

Hi there. Thank you, guys, so much for taking my questions today. Congrats on all the good progress.

Shankar Musunuri -- Co-Founder, Chairman, and Chief Executive Officer

Thank you.

Michael Okunewitch -- Maxim Group -- Analyst

I guess, first off, thinking about more of a housekeeping question. When thinking about your runway, does this factor in for potentially newly launching studies like the OCU410ST Phase 2/3?

Shankar Musunuri -- Co-Founder, Chairman, and Chief Executive Officer

Yes, Michael. It's already budgeted.

Michael Okunewitch -- Maxim Group -- Analyst

All right. And then I guess in terms of DME the program, right, do you have an idea of when we could expect to see data start to emerge from that Phase 1? And then what sort of efficacy endpoints are being evaluated, just given that it is a Phase 1 study?

Huma Qamar -- Chief Medical Officer

Good morning.

Shankar Musunuri -- Co-Founder, Chairman, and Chief Executive Officer

I'll ask Huma to address that.

Huma Qamar -- Chief Medical Officer

Good morning. Thank you for the question. Actually, we are looking at the safety and efficacy report of OCU200 toward the end of this year. And as we are assessing the safety of unilateral intravitreal administration of OCU200, we're also looking at the exploratory endpoints of BCVA and the dose response of OCU200.

However, we are also looking at the secondary endpoints of OCU200 antibody formation and PK of OCU200 as well.

Michael Okunewitch -- Maxim Group -- Analyst

OK. Thank you. And then just one more for me, and I'll hop back into the queue. Just for OCU500 A500, right, I know this really hasn't been much of a core program lately, but just perhaps, have you heard anything regarding funding availability for that Phase 1, just given that the recent uncertainty around funding we've heard of at NIH?

Shankar Musunuri -- Co-Founder, Chairman, and Chief Executive Officer

Yes, Michael. The NIAID had meetings with us after our IND approval, and they're still stating they're on track to initiate the Phase 1.

Michael Okunewitch -- Maxim Group -- Analyst

All right. Thank you very much for the additional clarity, and once again, congrats on all the progress.

Shankar Musunuri -- Co-Founder, Chairman, and Chief Executive Officer

Thank you.

Operator

Our next question comes from the line of Swayampakula Ramakanth from H.C. Wainwright. Please go ahead.

Swayampakula Ramakanth -- Analyst

Thank you. Good morning, Shankar, Huma, and Tiffany. A couple of quick questions from me. To Shankar, you certainly have made an aggressive target for your team of filing three BLAs starting next year, so what gives you and your team confidence that you could achieve this? And as investors, what should we be watching out to see your progress toward this goal?

Shankar Musunuri -- Co-Founder, Chairman, and Chief Executive Officer

Yeah. Good morning. OK, good question. I mean, investors need to look at our track record.

We started most of the gene therapy programs getting into the clinic late '21, '22. And today, we are in the beginning of '25, and we have all three programs running from all cylinders. So our track record speaks for itself. And so the goal is, once again, thanks to FDA for allowing us to knock off the Phase 3 and ability to convert existing Phase 2 clinical trial into Phase 2/3 confirmatory trial for BLA for Stargardt disease.

It's a significant unmet medical need. And that naturally lines up. I mean -- so we are estimating if we start the trial mid this year, about nine months of recruitment, and then it's a one-year follow-up. That will put us into '27, and so that should be reasonably targeted for BLA.

Similarly, getting into OCU410, we recently announced a month ago that our recruitment is completed in our Phase 2 clinical trial for OCU410 targeting geriatric atrophy. So that means our Phase 2 will be completed by early next year. Our interim data, which is coming out in the second half of this year, will allow us to start having conversations and discussions with FDA, as well as EMA, on Phase 3 clinical design. So we are hopeful to initiate that next year.

Once again, that will have a one-year duration and, GA is relatively easier to recruit compared to orphan diseases, such as RP and Stargardt, and we are inundated with patients during our Phase 2 clinical trial. We have so many patients reaching out to us. Therefore, that gives us confidence we can complete that clinical trial, including recruitment. If we start in '26, we can relatively get it done by '28, and that can be lined up for BLA.

And so that's why I think these timelines are reasonable. So starting next year, RP, retinitis pigmentosa, OCU400; and 2027 is going to be OCU410ST, Stargardt disease; and 2028, we're targeting BLA for OCU410 geriatric atrophy.

Swayampakula Ramakanth -- Analyst

Perfect. Thank you for that. So we were just talking about 410 for GA, so we know that there are two approved therapies for this indication. So given that, how easy would it be to convince both physicians and patients to initiate therapy on OCU410 considering the price point difference?

Shankar Musunuri -- Co-Founder, Chairman, and Chief Executive Officer

Go ahead, Huma.

Huma Qamar -- Chief Medical Officer

RK, thank you for the question. I'll provide the clinical aspects; and price point, Shankar can provide it. So in terms of -- one of the things I wanted to mention here is that we completed recruitment ahead of time for GA because there was a huge number of requests from the patients who have already got [Inaudible]. In fact, they were on the waiting list, and we had a certain number to recruit for our Phase 3.

In terms of whatever the approved therapies right now are there, particularly with competitors, the first and the foremost in terms of the clinicians, the safety and tolerability profile of those products are concerning, and 12% of the patients are progressing to the wet AMD. In terms of the safety and tolerability profile of OCU410, that gives us extreme confidence that there were no serious adverse events, like CNV and ischemic optic neuropathy, endophthalmitis, and vasculitis, which are the hallmarks of currently the approved products. Also, our protocol had included the wash-out period for those two approved products as well for a three-month period. So in terms of recruitment and in terms of the safety and tolerability and efficacy profile, we are not only seeing differences or improvements in the structural, as well as the functional outcomes.

And in Europe, there is no approved product. So most -- majority of the physicians, because of the compliance issues of six to 12 injections per year and safety considerations, are not really prescribing, and also the patients are reluctant to do that as you see the age of onset is 60 years of age and older. And in terms of the price point, I would let Shankar add his thoughts here.

Shankar Musunuri -- Co-Founder, Chairman, and Chief Executive Officer

Thank you, Huma. So RK, from a price point perspective, as we stated, U.S. itself has more than a million patients with late dAMD, which is geriatric atrophy. And most of these patients get potentially funded by CMS, so we need to start working with them.

Obviously, as an organization, we are very mindful. We're watching other gene therapies, how they are getting priced. And unfortunately, in the marketplace, there are gene therapy products, either to date, whether they're targeting very complex diseases or they're going after ultra-rare diseases or they're going after diseases that already have a solution in the marketplace, which is not an unmet medical need. It's a -- using scientific platform, a vector to deliver something to replace like one and done instead of taking multiple injections of biologicals or certain treatments.

So definitely, we need to consider all the price points. And when you have a huge population like this, number one, the pricing should be reasonable, and it's a one-and-done treatment. So even the patients are mostly in 60s or 70s, they'll still have many, many years of quality-of-life years remaining for them. So we'll do the appropriate pharmacoeconomic analysis, and we will price it fairly so that our goal is to make sure the payers can reimburse it.

And the patients who really need the product, they get it. Our goal is to provide market access. So we're going to work on every effort in our perspective to make sure our patients get our product who need them.

Swayampakula Ramakanth -- Analyst

Thank you for that. So last question from me on OCU400. With the Phase 3 program -- with the Phase 3 study in progress, what additional data should we expect from the Phase 1/2 study between now and filing of your BLA next year?

Huma Qamar -- Chief Medical Officer

So as we have recently updated on our durability profile, as well as safety, so safety will continue to be there. That's a commitment that we have made. So also, on the efficacy functional endpoints, we will continue to report the parameters accordingly, LLVA and other functional parameters as they become available.

Shankar Musunuri -- Co-Founder, Chairman, and Chief Executive Officer

RK, the LLVA data, we recently announced at the two-year durability, that's important, not only from a payer perspective, too. So we'll definitely have three-year data at the time of filing next year.

Swayampakula Ramakanth -- Analyst

Perfect. Thanks for taking all my questions.

Shankar Musunuri -- Co-Founder, Chairman, and Chief Executive Officer

Thank you.

Operator

Our next question comes from the line of Robert LeBoyer from Noble Capital Markets. Please go ahead.

Robert LeBoyer -- Analyst

Good morning, and congratulations on all the progress. My question has to do with OCU500 and whether there will be any grant revenue to the company associated with the Phase 1 trial.

Shankar Musunuri -- Co-Founder, Chairman, and Chief Executive Officer

Yeah. As we stated publicly, NIAID is sponsoring this program, and we have completed our obligations from a company perspective. We are responsible for develop -- doing all the preclinical work and manufacturing and filing the IND, getting it approved and cleared for FDA, and then transfer to them. So we've done our part, and they are supposed to fund the Phase 1 clinical program and take it to the next level.

Robert LeBoyer -- Analyst

OK. Will the funding be recorded as revenue by the company? Or will this just be something where you turn it over to the agency as they run the trial?

Shankar Musunuri -- Co-Founder, Chairman, and Chief Executive Officer

Yeah. We'll be turning over to the agency. They run the trial.

Robert LeBoyer -- Analyst

OK. Thank you.

Operator

Our next question comes from the line of Daniil Gataulin from Chardan. Please go ahead.

Daniil Gataulin -- Chardan Capital Markets -- Analyst

Hey, good morning, guys. Congrats on all the progress. A couple of questions on OCU410ST. First, what is your manufacturing strategy for OCU410ST? And do you plan on using the commercial-grade product for the Phase 2/3 study?

Shankar Musunuri -- Co-Founder, Chairman, and Chief Executive Officer

Good question, Daniil. We already made, at a commercial scale, introduced into our Phase 1, and the same scale will be used for Phase 2/3. We'll follow the similar pattern like we are doing for RP. For RP, we're introducing two commercial-scale lots in our pivotal trial.

We'll do the same thing for ST program, which is consistent, and the FDA agreed with our strategy, and we're moving forward with that.

Daniil Gataulin -- Chardan Capital Markets -- Analyst

OK. Got it. And in terms of the sites for the study, are you looking at both U.S. and ex U.S.

sites and what proportion of each if you're using both?

Shankar Musunuri -- Co-Founder, Chairman, and Chief Executive Officer

There is no ex U.S. site, except for Canada, of course. I mean, we do have sites set up in Canada for retinitis pigmentosa. If necessary, we'll activate those sites for Stargardt.

But based on the patient population, we only need 51 patients. I think Huma and her team are comfortable that they can get those patients in the U.S. very quickly.

Daniil Gataulin -- Chardan Capital Markets -- Analyst

Got it. OK. Thank you very much for taking the question.

Operator

Thank you. This concludes the Q&A portion. I will now turn the call back over to chairman, CEO and co-founder, Dr. Shankar Musunuri.

Shankar Musunuri -- Co-Founder, Chairman, and Chief Executive Officer

Thank you, operator. We appreciate the continued interest and involvement of our key stakeholders as we move forward with our transformative initiatives. We look forward to a year of significant catalysts ahead as we establish Ocugen as the pioneering biotechnology leader in gene therapies for blindness diseases. Have a great day.

Duration: 0 minutes

Call participants:

Tiffany Hamilton -- Head of Corporate Communications

Shankar Musunuri -- Co-Founder, Chairman, and Chief Executive Officer

Ramesh Ramachandran -- Chief Accounting Officer

Michael Okunewitch -- Maxim Group -- Analyst

Huma Qamar -- Chief Medical Officer

Swayampakula Ramakanth -- Analyst

Robert LeBoyer -- Analyst

Daniil Gataulin -- Chardan Capital Markets -- Analyst

More OCGN analysis

All earnings call transcripts

This article is a transcript of this conference call produced for The Motley Fool. While we strive for our Foolish Best, there may be errors, omissions, or inaccuracies in this transcript. As with all our articles, The Motley Fool does not assume any responsibility for your use of this content, and we strongly encourage you to do your own research, including listening to the call yourself and reading the company's SEC filings. Please see our Terms and Conditions for additional details, including our Obligatory Capitalized Disclaimers of Liability.

The Motley Fool has no position in any of the stocks mentioned. The Motley Fool has a disclosure policy.

Ocugen (OCGN) Q4 2024 Earnings Call Transcript was originally published by The Motley Fool