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The FTSE 100 (^FTSE) closed higher and US stocks were volatile on Monday, as attention turned to the impending deadline president Donald Trump set on tariff negotiations between the US and Canada, China and Mexico.
Tariffs on Canada and Mexico are set to come into effect on Tuesday, with no indication that the planned implementation date will be pushed back again. While 25% duties have been mooted, US commerce secretary Howard Lutnick hinted that they could be lower by describing it as a "fluid situation".
New tariffs on China are also due on Tuesday, with Beijing said to be eyeing retaliatory measures on US agricultural products.
The moves follow a weekend of negotiations on support for Ukraine against Russia by European leaders. Defence stocks were a bright spot for indices.
Talks hosted by British prime minister Keir Starmer in Downing Street resulted in a four point plan: To keep military aid flowing into Ukraine; for Ukraine to be present in any peace talks; in the event of a deal, for Ukraine's defence capabilities to be boosted in case of future invasion; and to develop a "coalition of the willing" to try to guarantee lasting peace.
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The FTSE 100 (^FTSE) rose 1% by the closing bell, boosted by a 14.2% jump in defence firm BAE Systems (BA.L) and a 4.2% rally from Rolls-Royce (RR.L).
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The DAX (^GDAXI) rose 2.8% in Germany and France's CAC 40 (^FCHI) rallied 1.4% following a eurozone inflation reading that bed in expectations of a rate cut at the central bank's meeting later this week.
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The DAX was supported by gains for defence stocks such as Rheinmetall (RHM.F) which was about 10.6% higher by the afternoon in Frankfurt.
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"European stocks rallied at the start of the month despite fears over tariffs, tracking gains in Asia overnight and a bounce on Wall Street on Friday as US PCE inflation came in as expected, somewhat easing fears about the state of the world’s largest economy," said Neil Wilson, an analyst at TipRanks. "A stronger-than-expected Chinese PMI also warmed investor sentiment."
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US stock futures followed Europe higher at the open before dropping on investor angst about geopolitical tensions. The Dow (^DJI) fell 0.1%, and the S&P 500 (^GSPC) was also below the flatline. The tech-heavy Nasdaq (^IXIC) fell about 0.3%.