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In fact, the majority of our growth in core client deposits came after March 10. For the quarter, core client deposits are up 234 million of which 203 million was added post March 10.We added additional details in the deck that we believe show the strength and stability we have in our markets and among our client base. We have weathered many storms both literally and figuratively over 124 years and the name Hancock Whitney is synonymous with strength and stability in our footprint.We are pleased with deposit growth this quarter, though continued rate hikes coupled with the current banking environment and promotional CD pricing have resulted in a deposit remix to higher cost deposits. The remix has resulted in a higher than expected deposit beta for the quarter.

However, our overall deposit portfolio remains seasoned, stable, and well-diversified.Details are included on Slides 6 and 7 of our earnings deck. DDA’s as a percentage of total positives remained strong at 43% well above pre-pandemic levels. Our portfolio is diverse with 43% consumer, 36% commercial and small business, 12% public funds, 7% wealth, and only 2% brokered CDs. The brokered CDs were issued in late March as a precautionary measure only, and as of today, we don't anticipate needing to issue anymore.Uninsured deposits were 36% at the end of March and we continue to offer varied ways for both consumers and businesses to further ensure their funds above current FDIC limits, while maintaining their primary deposit relationship with Hancock Whitney.On Slide 8, we updated our liquidity metrics, again indicating a position of strength with almost 20 billion in available sources of funds, we currently use less than 4 billion, much of which was drawn as precautionary during the height of volatility in March.

So, we sit with approximately 16 billion in net available sources of funds and the unlikely event of persistent volatility in our industry.Moving on to capital. On Slide 19, all of our capital measures have strengthened linked quarter, despite the precautionary leverage noted earlier. The 36 basis point impact of leverage added at quarter-end somewhat offset the benefit from a solid earnings result for the quarter, which should gradually reverse itself as headline volatility declines. We do note the first quarter in a while where we and many peers benefited from OCI impact to our TCE ratio.In summary, we are very mindful of the current operating environment and the macroeconomic trends, which may impact our industry. But as I just detailed, given our strong liquidity, our solid capital and stable season, diverse, and granular deposit base, we believe we are well-positioned for the environment.With that, I'll turn the call to Mike for further comments.Mike Achary Thanks, John, and good afternoon, everyone.

The first quarter was a solid quarter with net income of 126 million and EPS of $1.45 per share. The results were down a bit from last quarter, driven primarily by a 13 basis point narrowing of our NIM, resulting from the continued remix of deposits and higher overall deposit cost. Even so, deposit growth was strong this quarter at 543 million with increases in core client deposits and brokered CDs, partly offset by typical seasonal runoff in our public fund deposit book.Going forward, we recognize that deposit growth will be a challenge for the remainder of the year, really for all banks. Clients continue to be rate sensitive, resulting in a continued shift in the mix of deposits from DDA to higher cost deposits, mostly CDs. That dynamic will likely continue for as long as rates are elevated.Given the current environment, we believe our NIM will likely compress again in the second quarter and then potentially stabilize over the second half of the year.

That's based on an environment where the Fed raises rates again in May, then backs off from any additional rate hikes for the balance of the year.Slides 15 and 16 in the earnings deck provide additional details related to NIM in our interest rate sensitivity. Details around our securities portfolio can be found on Slide 14. The portfolio is as always conservative in composition and mostly invested in safe residential and commercial mortgage backed securities. As noted last quarter, we used the runoff in the bond portfolio of about 125 million to partially fund the quarter's loan growth.We continue to have hedges in place to help reduce OCI volatility and provide flexibility in a changing rate environment. The details around our unrealized losses in both the AFS and HCM portfolios are noted at the bottom of the slide and have improved around 13% since last quarter.

Given questions about the impact of unrealized losses from the bond portfolio on capital, we included a set of pro forma capital ratios that look at what those ratios might be, if all unrealized losses were included in the calculations. You see that on Slide 20 in the earnings deck.The takeaway for us is that even after including all unrealized losses, we remain above well-capitalized levels with common Tier 1 capital over 9%. Taking into account the current rate environment, updated forecasts around future rate hikes and higher deposit betas, we have adjusted our annual PPNR guidance and currently expect an increase somewhere between 3% and 7% for 2023, compared to 2022.You'll see that updated guidance on Slide 21 of the deck. Loan growth was in-line with expectations at just under 300 million or 5% linked quarter annualized.

The one-time close product in the mortgage lending portfolio was again a driver of the growth in the quarter, coupled with an increase in CRE income producing loans. This increase is mainly related to the movement of loans from the construction phase to permit financing at completion.We continue to limit our growth in CRE and have provided additional information on Slide 10. A quick comment on credit. The increase in net charge-offs was driven by a handful of smaller charge-offs and a lower level of recoveries compared to the fourth quarter. We continue to operate from low levels of commercial criticized and non-accrual loans both relatively stable this quarter and our ACL remains strong at 146 basis points.Fee income improved this quarter with wealth and specialty income, key drivers of the increase.

As a reminder, this is the first full quarter for the previously announced elimination of certain consumer NSF and OD fees and service charges. Expenses were up linked quarter, but in-line with guidance we provided last quarter.As detailed on Slide 18, other non-interest expense was the biggest category of the increase. With the higher level of expenses and compression in NIM, we ended the first quarter with an efficiency ratio of 53.8%. In today's environment with higher deposit costs and elevated rates, we feel that the work done in prior years to produce a more efficient company continues to serve us well. We will continue to strive to deliver pure best earnings at efficiency ratio levels below 55%. I will now turn the call back to John.John Hairston Thanks Mike.

And moderator, if we could, let's open the call for questions.

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Question-and-Answer Session Operator [Operator Instructions]

Our first question comes from Catherine Mealor with KBW. Your line is open.Catherine Mealor Thanks. Good evening, everyone.John Hairston Hi, Catherine.Catherine Mealor I wanted to maybe start with the margin and I guess this is the million dollar question, but you're trying to see how much deposit mix shift you’re expecting over the course of the year. We saw a big mix shift out of non-interest bearing and into CDs. As you look at your PPNR guide, how do you – how are you envisioning today where you think NIBs should bottom and then where CDs should eventually get to? Thanks.Mike Achary Yes. Hi, Catherine. Good afternoon.

It's Mike. So, in terms of our deposit mix, again, at the end of the first quarter, we were at 43% of non-interest bearing. If we kind of think about the rate environment and where we are is, we see the Fed potentially raising rates another 25 basis points and then, kind of going flat for the balance of the year.So, under that scenario, we see that 43% probably trending toward somewhere in the 38%, 39% range by the end of this year. So, as a reminder, pre-pandemic, so call it fourth quarter of 2019, we were at 37%. So, I do think a year from now, we'll probably be at that level or pretty close to it.Catherine Mealor Great. Okay. And I feel like as an industry, we're generally going back to pre-pandemic levels with that mix shift. Is there any reason or what's the case to be made that we won't go below pre-pandemic deposit mix shift?Mike Achary Well, I think for us, we've done a lot of work during the pandemic years, a lot of activity around the PPP process.

And I think have brought on to our balance sheet an awful lot of good core customers. And again, a lot of those customers have operating accounts with us and that helps to make a case for, I think the non-interest bearing mix potentially going no lower than where it was when we started. But look that's a hard thing to predict and I don't think anybody has a crystal ball in that regard And a big assumption is what I described earlier around our view of what the Fed could possibly do.If they do something materially different than that, then obviously that could change that ultimate outcome.Catherine Mealor Yes, of course. It's helpful to hear the way you're thinking about that. Thank you, Mike. Go ahead, John.John Hairston Catherine, this is John.

The only thing I'll add to it is, for several years, we focused on improving granularity in the loan portfolio and the place that we're adding bankers the most right now, given that we're obviously out of the liquidity deployment business and we're in the funding core loan growth with core deposit growth.So, the types of bankers we're adding are primarily in the smaller business purpose segments. And those segments typically fund between $1.5 and $2 of liquidity per dollar of credit. And so the more successful we are and right now that's going very well. It's a fastest growing segment of our deposit book. So, the faster we can grow that, the better chance we have of staying above or growing up before and certainly trying to stay no worse than at the same level we were [at pandemic] [ph].So, it's a focus area for us and hopefully we'll see some good results as we move through the years.

Similar to what we had happened in Q1.Catherine Mealor And then a follow-up on the margin. Is it – as we look at your PPNR guidance, is it fair to assume that we can expect the NII dollars to be down every quarter for the rest of the year. It's hard to hear this quarter was down, but there is the day count that does impact that, but you are guiding for the margin to be lower next quarter. So, just trying to think about how you're thinking about dollar NII in the back half of the year?Mike Achary Yes. I think the first thing is, if you look at our PPNR guidance and obviously we also give guidance, pretty explicit guidance on fees and expenses, it implies NII growth of somewhere between 6% or 7% year-over-year. So, given that we do expect some margin compression in the second quarter, We would expect NII to accordingly be down some quarter-over-quarter.

But then at that point, I think that it, kind of flattens out as we go through the second half of the year again based on the rate assumption we described earlier.Catherine Mealor Great. Very helpful. Thank you.John Hairston You bet. Thank you. Appreciate the questions.Operator Your next question comes from Michael Rose with Raymond James. Your line is open.Michael Rose Hey, good afternoon. Thanks for taking my questions. Certainly understand the FHLB build. Mike, if you can just give us a sense for how long you might expect that to maybe stick around and maybe what the term is on that? Just trying to get a sense for impact on average balances things like that? Thanks.Mike Achary Sure. I'd be glad to Michael. So, the liquidity that we added to the balance sheet late quarter again was about 1.2 billion in home loan advances.

Those advances were really split into a 30-day piece and a 45-day piece. For the most part, all priced at just a little bit north of 5%, and then of course, we added the brokered CDs as we mentioned earlier.So yes, you're right. I mean the big question is, how long do we keep that extra liquidity on the balance sheet? And the shorter answer is, we'll keep it for as long as it takes to, kind of get through any potential period of additional stability. If that happens, in the banking environment going forward, I do think though that when it's all said and done on a go forward basis, we'll probably keep a little bit extra liquidity going forward than we probably did before, let's say, March 10. How much that ends up being, again, it really just kind of depends on what the environment looks like.Michael Rose Perfect.

Appreciate that color Mike. Maybe one for Chris. Noticed that the non-accrual loans ticked up just a little bit, just – I know we're going off a really low base here, but any, sort of discernible trends because it looks like criticized classified was down, so just trying to get some color there? Thanks.John Hairston Yes, no worries, Michael. Thanks for the question. Yes, I mean, as you pointed out, we really are operating at a relatively low base. I mean, it really is at historical low levels. And so any sort of movement in non-accruals may seem significant, but realistically it was just really one account that we've been – one major account, if you want to call it that that we've been following for probably a year now where we've been, kind of working through a strategy to recast the loan and in the process we had to move it into non-accrual, but not a real significant issue in our non-accruals.Michael Rose Perfect.

Thanks guys. I'll hop back in queue.John Hairston Thank you.Operator Our next question comes from Kevin Fitzsimmons with D.A. Davison. Your line is open.Kevin Fitzsimmons Hey, good afternoon everyone.John Hairston Good afternoon.Kevin Fitzsimmons I appreciate the guide on margin and NII. Is it fair to – given the steps taken and how late in the quarter it was on boosting liquidity, get the brokered CDs, the FHLB, while we still have ongoing the DDA shift, is it fair to expect that the continuation of percentage margin compression in the second quarter would be more substantial than what you saw in first quarter? Is that a fair assumption?Mike Achary Kevin, this is Mike. Not necessarily. I do think that the margin compression that we are looking at potentially for the second quarter is probably somewhere around the magnitude of what we saw in the first quarter, compared to the fourth quarter.

So, I don't know that it will be necessarily more than the 13 basis points, but probably somewhere in that neighborhood. Kevin Fitzsimmons So Mike, can you just go through some of the puts and takes on that? Because just you definitely look liquidity and stability to balance sheet is top priority and I recognize the steps you took, but it seems like, is there more a loan repricing coming or is it – I'm just trying to think the positive offsets to more of the wholesale and brokered funding?Mike Achary Yes. Well, I think some of it is, I don't know necessarily we have built into the second quarter forecast, the same 2.9 billion of excess liquidity. So that does come down a little bit as we go through the second quarter. And again, as I mentioned earlier, whether we keep it at the current level, bring it down a little bit or bring it down significantly is really just going to depend on the operating environment.The other things I think certainly could be helpful as we think about the second quarter NIM is, we have built into our forecast the Fed raising rates another 25 basis points.

So there's some beneficial impact of that related to our variable rate loans. We received a nice cumulative impact from the overall repricing of all of our fixed rate loans. So, there's a slide in the deck that talks about the yields that we're getting in terms of loans due to the balance sheet.So, for the fixed rate loans, that's nearly 6.5% and that's not insignificant. And continues to build, kind of on a cumulative basis going forward. The other thing is, we have pretty attractive CD pricing being offered right now. And I think again, depending on the amount of stability we have in the environment, we're likely maybe to come off some of that. So, those are all things that I think will help and build the case a little bit for the NIM not narrowing much more than it did in the first quarter.Kevin Fitzsimmons Okay.

Very helpful. Thanks, Mike. Just thinking about the percentage of DDA and where that settles and if it comes down to the high 30s, do you – you kind of mentioned year-end, do you think assuming the Fed has one more move to go? Does that pace, like it continues that mix shift, but at a diminishing pace over the balance of the year is your best guess?Mike Achary Yes, absolutely. I think that [remix] [ph] of deposits will continue as we go through the year. If the Fed does raise rates one more time and then goes to the sidelines, then I do think that remix has the potential to slow a little bit from the levels that we saw the last couple of quarters.John Hairston Kevin, this is John. Just one thing to add to the algebra. As the account balances move from the pandemic highs to the pre-pandemic norms, which seem to be on track for both consumer and business purpose accounts for the middle of 2024.

There's a bit less money that would be set aside in chunks and side CDs because people don't think they're going to need it for a period of time.So, even though consumer spending is strong, the types of spending is more necessities versus large ticket items like it was the last couple of years. So, there's a likelihood that people put less money into CDs over the course of the next 4 quarters to 6 quarters that occurred in the past 4 months to 6 months, if that makes sense. So, there would be some natural pace simply because the degree of excess goes away. And so, the closer we get to norm, the closer we get to norm in all matters of the balance sheet. I hope that makes sense.Yes, the other driver is, as rates go up and revolving line cost goes up, excess liquidity seems to find its way towards paying down that debt.

I mean, why have it sit in a bank if you can use it to decrease your cost, right? So, as you saw for the first time and really about two years, we saw a decrease in line utilization and that's predominantly coming from people using the remaining excess liquidity pay down debt.So, those two things I think are a little outsized based on the poking of the rate there so to speak by the Fed's pace of interest rate increases. So, as they slow, and as the account sizes normalize, we should see some degree of mitigation and the pace that we're seeing migrate from an [indiscernible] to something else. Hopefully that makes sense.Kevin Fitzsimmons Yeah, that’s great. Thank you guys.Operator Our next question comes from Brandon King with Truist. Your line is open.Brandon King Hey, good afternoon.John Hairston Good afternoon, Brandon.Brandon King Yes.

So, I wanted to ask a question on capital. Capital levels are pretty strong here and you're not growing as much. So, are there any thoughts to any share repurchases or getting more aggressive to buyback? Just given where the stock is trading at?Mike Achary Yes. Hey Brandon, this is Mike. Good question. And really our stance and how we think about a look at buybacks really haven't changed. We remain opportunistic in terms of looking at that. As you probably know, the buyback authority was re-upped this past January. So, that's 5% really through the end of next year. Having said all of that, we really haven't bought back many shares the last quarter or so. And certainly for the coming quarter and really for the foreseeable future right now, I don't see us buying back a whole lot in the way of shares.

We take the stance right now that with so much uncertainty out there, it's probably better just to continue to build capital in this environment. Has those conditions changed? I mean, obviously, we'll reassess and if there's opportunity to be a little bit more active in terms of buybacks, that's certainly something we'll consider as we go through the year.Brandon King Makes sense. And then I had a follow-up to the net interest margin discussion. Do you mind sharing what NIM was for March? I know there's a lot of actions that happened late in the quarter?Mike Achary Yes. So, the NIM from March, I don't have that right with me. I certainly don't mind sharing it, but while we're looking for that, certainly one of the things that's impacting the NIM in the month of March is our cost of deposits.

So, as the quarter went on, that went up to 107 basis points. So, that's certainly going to impact the NIM.Brandon King Okay. I can follow-up with you offline. And then just…John Hairston We'll come back to that. [We can] [ph].Mike Achary We'll get back to you on that.Brandon King Okay. Okay.Operator Our next question comes from Brett Rabatin with Hovde Group. Your line is open.Brett Rabatin Hi, good afternoon everyone. Wanted to ask two questions on the guidance. I guess first on the expenses. Want to make sure I was clear, the other bucket obviously included a couple line items this quarter that were different, the FDIC assessment. Was there anything else unusual that might not be recurring in that line item going forward? And is that 1Q level a good level for maybe ongoing from here?Mike Achary Yes, Brad.

I think that the level in the fourth quarter – in the first quarter, so the 200 million or so, is a pretty good run rate to use going forward. In terms of the categories and items that we called out in other expenses really except for the storm related losses that we had in the prior quarter, pretty much everything else is, kind of ongoing or built into the ongoing assumptions. Data processing, data processing is something that can move around a little bit from quarter-to-quarter, but given some of the technology investments and other things that we have going on related to that category we do think that that level will probably continue at somewhere near that going forward.Brett Rabatin Okay. And then in fee income, obviously, year-over-year if you're going to have growth in that number, the quarters from here have to grow, are there specific line items that you think might have higher propensity to grow from 1Q levels or any color on that?John Hairston Yes, sure.

This is John. Thanks for the question on fees. There are a couple of things moving around in the year. One of those is, for the December 1 forward, we did eliminate certain OD and NSF fees that we shared a lot of guidance on last year and all of that happened. As average balances decline, the number of service charge recurring deposits goes up. And so, what we saw happen in Q1 as expected is the volume of normally recurring account maintenance fees is offsetting the decline that we experienced in the NSF. So that was helpful.And then secondary mortgage, while it was green for the quarter, which was actually somewhat of a pleasant surprise and as people lost a few – just these little [boomlets] [ph] of production that occurred on a series of dates where the rates softened a little bit, we'd see a surge and production come through and that was helpful for secondary mortgage.

But the real star of the show, the last several years and probably for the next couple of years, outside of what happens with mortgage or any other type of regulatory engagement with fees would be the wealth related items, which are the investment subsidiary, trust fees, and then also the fees that we enjoy from our card businesses.And while the card fees weren't really very big, compared to first quarter over fourth quarter on a year-to-year basis, they do continue to perform very well and we're continuing to add people on the treasury sales side to move the card related products and particularly our purchasing cards.So, I think the secret to get into the guidance of the 3% to 4% year-over-year will lie on how well we do in wealth, how well we do in card, and a continuing offset of the OD NSF decline in service charge buckets.

Is that what you were looking for?Brett Rabatin That was perfect. Great color. Thanks so much.John Hairston Yes. And just as an add, the other category which showed being quite attractive this quarter versus last. This is probably a little more of a normal quarter. In the fourth quarter, we called out the fact that we literally had zero BOLI items occurred then and very close to zero SBIC, which is, kind of unusual for a quarter where both of those were near zero. So, Q1 was a little bit more normal in terms of that type of activity.Brett Rabatin Great. Thank you.Operator Our next question comes from Casey Haire with Jefferies. Your line is open.Casey Haire Yes, thanks. Good afternoon, guys.John Hairston Hi there.Casey Haire Apologies if I missed this, another NIM question.

I heard you guys on the DDA settling in the high 30s, did you guys talk about what your NII forecast assumes for deposit beta versus the 19% here in the first quarter?Mike Achary Yes, Casey, this is Mike. No, we haven't yet. So, thank you for that question. But in terms of our deposit betas and when I talk about deposit betas really talking about total deposits, total deposit beta. So, we're at 19% cumulative for the cycle. And so, for the fourth quarter of this year, the assumption is that deposit beta on a cumulative basis will probably settle in at around 30% or 31%.Casey Haire Excellent. Okay, great. And then just a follow-up to the fee guide question. To hit the low end of fee guidance, you're going to have to run by my math, it looks like 87 million in the remaining quarters, that's obviously a pretty steep ramp.

I heard the color in terms of you got a number of line items that you expect to help you get there, but if you don't – if you fall short of that, is there a flexibility on the expense guide or is that pretty hard and fast?Mike Achary I think when we think about these, again the guidance, which we haven't changed is the up 3% to 4% and the bias there is probably towards the low-end of that range, so somewhere in the 3% range. As we think about how the trend is likely to play out to the balance of the year, recall that from a seasonality point of view, fees tend to build as we go through the calendar year. So, it's not like a flat amount across the year, but we would expect fees to begin to build as we go through the year beginning in the second quarter.

So, the high point would be the fourth quarter.Casey Haire Got you. You see my point though, right? Like it's a decent ramp, right?Mike Achary Yes, it is.Casey Haire Okay. All right. And just last one for me. On the office book, obviously everyone's biggest concern. I know it's a small piece of the pie for you guys. Have you guys – do you guys have any color on the LTV debt service coverage ratio and then percentage Class A versus B and C?John Hairston Yes. Thanks for the question Casey. A lot of our – first-of-all, on the LTV, I mean, we surveil all of our commercial real estate and even C&I book on a regular basis. So, with the additional focus on office and investment commercial real estate in general, we've certainly paid closer attention to staying close to those customers.

And from an LTV perspective, our average – weighted average LTV is in the low 60s at this point in time.So, really healthy LTVs and even with the upward movement, in cap rates, we feel that it can be easily absorbed and still stay within a reasonable bound. And then occupancy levels at a lot of our – on average are pretty high. We're running in the low 90% occupancy level at this point in time. So, pretty strong for that asset class in general. And debt service coverage in general still is pretty strong. Kind of in the [1.3 to 1.6] [ph] range depending on the location. In most of ours, we mentioned in the earnings deck on Page 10, we really don't do a lot of high rise stuff. We have about 4% of the book. In high rise, it's really literally a handful of transactions, nothing of any significance.

And I looked into those recently and don't feel particularly concerned about them at all. And so the rest of the book is mid-to-low rise stuff in suburban locations where working and return to office and all of that tends to be a little bit more buoyant.Casey Haire Great. Thanks for all the color.John Hairston You bet. You're welcome.Operator Our next question comes from Brad Milsaps with Piper Sandler. Your line is open.Brad Milsaps Hey, good afternoon.John Hairston Hey, Brad.Brad Milsaps Mike, just wanted to follow-up on Casey's expense question. Obviously, the PPNR guide came down, which is understandable, but maybe I was a little surprised, the expense guidance maybe didn't change a little bit too, given the pressure on revenue. Is it just fair to assume there's just not a lot of flexibility or variability within the expense base, most all of that is locked in and not necessarily revenue dependent based on, kind of how you gave the guidance?Mike Achary I think certainly there is some flexibility that when we think about expenses in the guide, again that's 6% to 7% and the bias is probably toward the upper end of that range a little bit.

But the other thing about the first quarter expense growth is, if we back out things like pension and FDIC, the increase was really more in the neighborhood of 2.5%, 2.6%. So, really again using the first quarter numbers, kind of a run rate going forward, you know we see expenses up just a little bit, probably modestly in the second quarter. And then, kind of flattish as we go through the back-end of the year. So, that's how we're kind of thinking about expenses.John Hairston Brad, this is John. I'll add to that. The levers that could be pulled in terms of reducing our reinvestment pace. We really don't see this current “crisis” as an industry crisis as much as a couple of banks were in crisis and there's a lot of reaction to that which is understandable.

And that's driving leverage up and therefore some pressure on NII that shouldn't continue more than however long it takes for people to get a little bit more confident in the industry. But we really haven't slowed and don't plan to slow our reinvestment both in tech, our reinvestment in adding bankers, particularly bankers that are focused on liquidity and smaller, more forward relationships. And then in treasury sales. And so, we could pull the lever to decrease that reinvestment, but I think we'd be focused more on the next several quarters and not the next several years. And we think it's more important to our investors to continue building PPNR in the long-term versus take a short-term benefit. So, that's really the logic behind the reinvestment thesis.

We still think it's the smart play and more beneficial in the long run. And so, we haven't declined that at all. Now, if the environment were to sour to the point that that makes sense, then certainly we have that capacity to do that, but that's not the foster that we're sharing or taking at the moment.Brad Milsaps Got it. That's helpful, John. I appreciate that. And then Maybe just the final one for Chris. I appreciate the additional color on the CRE book. I was just curious, as you think about the pace of renewals as you move through this year and next, do you have a lot coming due soon or is it pretty – is it a fairly even pace over the next several years, just trying to think about what could trigger appraisals and so on, just kind of how to think about the renewal process?Chris Ziluca Yes, excellent question.

Yes, we've been looking at that, just to kind of stay ahead of what could be coming and really they are evenly spread out. We probably actually have less renewals in the next year or two than we do a little bit further out, but generally speaking, it's pretty evenly spread out, which is a good thing. It allows us to, kind of manage the book and make decisions along the way.Brad Milsaps Great. Thank you, guys. I appreciate it.John Hairston You bet. Thanks for the questions.Operator Your next question comes from Matt Olney with Stephens. Your line is open.Matt Olney Thanks guys. Just to follow-up on the loan growth, you called out the CRE growth in the first quarter was from those construction loans that moved, I guess to a permanent financing as the construction phase was completed.

Anything else you can tell us about that dynamic? We keep hearing that the secondary markets for permanent financing are still relatively shutdown. So, I'm just curious how that dynamic is impacting the bank? Thanks.John Hairston Sure. This is John. I'll give you some color on that. So, in looking at the income producing CRE category, that growth was about 90% multifamily. We still have a pretty healthy buyer set, if you will. Demand for occupancy is still extremely high in our footprint. And so, there's plenty of price support at the unit level and support for activity. So, literally about 90% of the growth we've shown in CRE was in multifamily and about half of that was migration from C&D to CRE. And so that would naturally create the question of why didn't C&D go down?

And the answer to that is, because projects that are already in flight tend to draw over time. So, new commitment production is, I would call modestly or maybe even moderately down from where it was a couple of quarters ago. So, I think what we expected to see happen this year is beginning to happen, which is the combination of supply cost, of labor cost, of debt cost is I think causing developers to think maybe they should wait for a few months to see if there's any benefit on inflation and benefit on perhaps revolving costs going down a bit.I mean just 10 basis points or 20 basis points can make a big difference in the total profitability of a project. So, the commitments have declined even though the C&D bucket showed is flat. And so, as we go through the course of the year, we may not see those levels of growth continue, but our appetite in CRE is pretty uniquely multifamily overall because that's the business and the area that we're operating in, that's enjoying the most support, both in permanent and in occupancy increasing as time goes by.Matt Olney That's helpful, John.

And then within that multi-family product that you mentioned, any color within your markets, as far as where that product is primary like what markets?John Hairston Sure. I'll start and Chris may want to add some more color, but predominantly the multifamily projects are happening in the markets that are enjoying the best population growth. And so, in the last 2 or 3 years and some of that was stimulated by the pandemic, but it wasn't – it's not different trends than we had pre-pandemic, it was just a little bit more exaggerated. And that's predominantly Texas and Florida. And I think that's probably going to stay the course until we begin to see it flatten out overall.So, there are other projects around the footprint, but the leading project is going to be in those suburban areas around the MSAs in Texas and Florida.Chris Ziluca And I'll just add to that a little bit.

John is absolutely right. But we really look at the dynamics of those individual markets, including the various projects that are, kind of under construction to make sure that we're not supporting a project that's going into maybe what might be an oversaturated geography.John Hairston Yes. And the focus and to be clear, while we gave a fairly, I think it's front of the year, what may have been considered at the time a rather anemic guide for loan growth, it was really with this environment in mind. And we said then three months ago that we would be endeavoring and working feverishly towards covering loan growth than we thought would be in the mid-singles for the year with core deposit growth and we get pretty close to doing that in Q1, coupled with the cash flow coming off the securities portfolio, we more than did that.So, I think as time goes by and we got toward the events that happened in mid-March, what we were planning to do is, look on even more important.

We think more thoughtful for the year. And so, over the course of the next several months, we are intending to grow loans, just to grow loans. It's about growing core deposits and then loaning that out in sectors that we believe will survive the test of a cycle. It is very important to us to focus on NIM, to focus on PPNR, our efficiency ratio, our expense ratio, and asset quality through whatever the cycle turns out to be.So, if we have to give up on growth to achieve all that, that would be more important to us. And then as the market begins to give a better opportunity for balance sheet growth and we'll take advantage of that. We have plenty of [indiscernible] firepower to do that when we think it's a little bit healthier environment.Matt Olney Okay.

Thank you.Operator Your next question comes from Christopher Marinac from Janney Montgomery Scott. Your line is open.Christopher Marinac Hey, thank you and thank you for hosting us all this afternoon. I just had a question Mike and John about Slide 20 and the impact of the capital. If you have this scenario of all the losses being taken. What's the impact from the cash flow hedges that as you detail a little further back, do those help you as time goes on or are there scenarios where that could be punitive?Mike Achary Well, right now in terms of our cash flow hedges, the market value of the cash flow hedges is about a negative 81 million and it's a positive 19 million in terms of the fair value hedges. So that $81 million is obviously included in those calculations.

So, to the extent that that improves and that's a little bit of a help going forward.Christopher Marinac And then Mike mechanically, getting into some of the details at the very end of the deck today, as rates go down, are you better protected than you were? Is that fair to say?Mike Achary Yes. Obviously, if rates start to go down, then those cash flow hedges, the carry value obviously becomes less negative. And so, that's a plus in terms of the NII support.Christopher Marinac Okay. And then I guess a related question, if you didn't have the hedges in place, I mean as time passes, you still have some natural cash flow and amortization of your securities book, right? So, those numbers should be getting better even on their own beyond [theoretically ratio] [ph]?Mike Achary Yes, absolutely.

And the cash flow coming off the bond portfolio right now is about 125 million per quarter. So, that's a significant amount coming off and the bonds obviously. The carry value of the bonds will go down as we go through that. And then also the duration begins to shorten a little bit.Christopher Marinac Okay. So, you're still in a position where there's no reason to: a, restructure and it's probably too expensive to do that anyways, but then even some of the outlets with the Fed created that's not necessarily applicable at this point?Mike Achary No, I don't think so. But in terms of restructuring the bond portfolio, I mean that's something we look at like anyone else does on a quarter-by-quarter basis, but you're right. Right now, it's not something that we have an appetite to execute on.Christopher Marinac Great.

Thanks for the extra detail today. I appreciate it.Mike Achary You bet.John Hairston Thank you very much.Mike Achary Okay. Before we close the call, I want to get back to Brandon's question. His question was around the NIM for the month of March. So that was at 3.47%, so about 8 basis points off the quarterly average. So, just wanted to get back to Brandon on that.Operator There are no further questions at this time. I'll now turn the call back over to John for closing remarks.John Hairston Thanks everyone for your attention to the call and for calling in late afternoon. Thank you, Chantelle for running the call for us. We appreciate everyone's interest and we'll look forward to seeing you on the road.Operator This concludes today's conference call.

Thank you for your participation. You may now disconnect.