* Dollar and Treasury yields higher as US inflation picks up
* CPI surprise adds to risk of hawkish turn at Fed meeting
* Share markets hold their nerve for now, Nikkei edges ahead
By Wayne Cole
SYDNEY, June 18 (Reuters) - The dollar held firm with higher Treasury yields on Wednesday after a surprisingly high reading for U.S. inflation threatened to give a hawkish tilt to the Federal Reserve's policy outlook later in the session.
The risk was enough to keep Asian share markets on the defensive with MSCI's broadest index of Asia-Pacific shares outside Japan off 0.16 percent.
Japan's Nikkei was the only real mover adding 0.42 percent as a softer yen helped offset disappointing trade numbers.
The Fed's two-day policy meeting ends with a statement at 1800 GMT, followed half an hour later by a news conference with Chair Janet Yellen. The central bank will also provide its latest forecasts for growth, inflation and interest rates.
While economic growth has disappointed so far this year, signs of an acceleration in inflation could bring forward the day when the Fed might consider hiking rates.
The U.S. consumer price index increased 0.4 percent in May, twice the gain expected, driven in large part by rising airfares and hotel rates. Core inflation rose 0.3 percent in the biggest monthly rise since late 2009.
"At a minimum it emboldens the hawks, even if Yellen will put a brave face on this and continue to speak about considerable spare capacity in the labour market," said Alan Ruskin, global head of G10 currency strategy at Deutsche Bank.
As a result, futures contracts that aim to predict the path of the Fed funds rate sold off sharply as investors priced in an earlier hike.
The contract for June 2015, for instance, slid to its lowest in over two months to 99.655, implying a rate of 0.345 percent. Currently, the effective funds rate is around 0.10 percent.
Treasuries also suffered, with yields on two-year paper ending at their highest in nine months at 0.49 percent . That in turn widened their premium over German yields to 44 basis points, the most since 2007, and gave the dollar a lift against the euro.
"The (CPI) data is a material positive event for the US dollar, with emerging market and commodity currencies for the moment most vulnerable," added Ruskin.
The euro faded to $1.3546, from a high of $1.3587, as the outlook for U.S. rates contrasted with the European Central Bank's recent decision to ease policy yet further.
The dollar was also up at 102.16 yen and edging away from last week's trough of 101.60.
Equity markets in the U.S. took the inflation news surprisingly well, perhaps in part because it helped assuage fears the economy was drifting toward Japan-like deflation.