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As these numbers suggest, we are successfully executing the dynamic innovation and optimization phase of our value-creation strategy and delivering another excellent year-over-year improvement in performance. Revenue growth was strong in the third quarter companywide. Net sales increased 12.9% and on a constant-currency basis, organic sales increased 7.3% compared with the same period last year. We hold healthy positions in the markets we serve and we have a strong customer value proposition based on innovation, quality, and technical expertise.

Organic growth was, again, a major contributor to our increased revenues. For more than two years, we have delivered quarter after quarter of organic growth due to our value proposition, our strength in portfolio of businesses, and our strategy to target the higher end of the markets we serve. Our vitality index, which measures revenue from new product sales, reflects the strength of our product innovation pipeline. We previously said that we intended to drive our vitality index in excess of 20% by 2020.

I am pleased to report that our vitality index now stands at approximately 21%. I'm also very pleased with the cash generation capacity of our businesses. Ferro drove cash flow in the quarter by tightening alignment between sales and plant utilization, and satisfying the portion of customer demand with existing inventory, which contributed to a reduction of working capital. These actions also drove net cash provided by operating activities of $73.4 million and adjusted free cash flow conversion of 124%, which is propelling the company toward it's full-year cash generation targets.

We anticipated the customer destocking that typically occurs in the fourth quarter and we are now in a better position to deploy the cash as we deem most appropriate, including through stock buybacks. We see the same macroeconomic uncertainty that tour peer companies see whether related to foreign exchange rates, trade tariffs, rising interest rates, the late stage of the economic cycle, geopolitical tensions or equity market volatility. Although we are not currently experiencing a reduction in demand for our products and we believe in a position serving the higher end of our markets insulates us, to some degree, from market softness, we do recognize that circumstances can change, having improved our cash position, we are better positioned for market weakness if it develops. As noted in the earnings release, Ferro experienced the dip up in gross margin in the third quarter due largely to a combination of our cash conversion initiatives and higher raw material prices relative to the prior-year quarter, which as we discussed previously were anticipated.

We expect gross margins to bounce back in the fourth quarter. Our raw material prices are decreasing, and we believe that Ferro pricing in the fourth quarter will more than offset the higher raw material prices relative to the prior year for the first time since early 2017. Based on these factors, we are affirming our 2018 guidance at the lower end of the range for adjusted EPS and adjusted EBITDA and at the upper end of the range for free cash flow conversion. Now I'll say a few words about each of our three business segments.

Turning to Slide 7 in the presentation, you can see the third-quarter 2018 summary of our business segments. So let's begin with performance coatings. Performance coatings turned another quarter of strong sales and profit growth. Net sales on a constant currency basis were up 26.2% and volumes were up 12.7%.

Organic sales growth was 7%. Adjusted gross profit was $36.3 million. Gross profit margin declined to 20.6%, reflecting margin compression from raw materials that we pre-bought at the beginning of the year and continued to work through. As previously said, the Performance coatings segment has been the most significantly impacted by the elevated raw material prices over the past year.

But the performance coatings team has done a great job of increasing prices, reformulating products and optimizing client spend in response. In Italy and Spain, Performance Coatings continued to see solid stable growth as demand remained strong for our high-value materials. In Indonesia, we continue to capture market share in part because of antidumping tariffs imposed on Chinese manufacturers. And in China, we continue to see increased demand as other manufacturers closed due to environmental health and safety concerns at their facilities.

Performance Coatings has also generated improved volume and sales during the quarter with some of our most important accounts, that is our large appliance customers. Now let's look at our Performance Colors and Glass segment. Performance Colors and Glass produced another quarter of solid sales growth, well ahead of the market rate. Net sales reported on a constant-currency basis grew 13.5%, with volumes up 20.9%.

Organic sales increased 11%, adjusted gross profit was $40.1 million, and gross margin was 32.5%. We continue to see solid growth in the automotive part of the PCG business. We produced mid-teens sales growth in Asia Pacific and we produced made single-digit growth in Europe even as the automotive market, as a whole, in Europe grew less than 2%. In contrast, demand from our automotive customers in North America and Latin America was flat.

Demand also continues to remain strong for Ferro's electronic packaging materials, with sales up 24% for the last year. The number of sensors per product in industrial applications continues to increase, which has been a key driver of growth for the high-performance materials we sell that are used in sensors. Demand for our glass decoration products grew nicely as well in the mid-single digits as we saw off-cycle sales during the quarter from our major beverage bottling company that uses our products to decorate glass bottles. Now looking more broadly to the future, Ferro is a technology leader in glass coatings, which positions us well to apply our expertise to the emerging megatrends that we have talked about, including LED, 5G, smart cars, 3D printing and more.

We are at the forefront of innovative functional glass coating and are positioned in multiple markets to take advantage of the opportunities created by these megatrends. Now turning to the Color Solutions segment summary. Net sales growth in the third quarter was all organic. We reported on a constant-currency basis, net sales increased 4.6%.

Adjusted gross profit was $39 million. Gross margin was 32.3%. Sales for our Color Solutions business advanced due in large part to continued strong growth in our Surface Technologies business. We are seeing strong demand in this business from memory chip makers who use our products for polishing.

Demand also was strong for our Ultramarine blue pigments. We are expanding our manufacturing facility in Columbia as we announced last quarter to satisfy continued demand for Ultramarine blue pigments. Color Solutions also benefited from increased demand for our transparent iron oxide reds. As in our other businesses, Color Solutions is concentrating on serving higher-end markets, improving mix, and pricing our products according to the value proposition reflected in our high-quality products and technical support.

On Slide 8, you will see year-to-date performance metrics for our three reporting segments. So to sum up, Ferro had a very productive quarter with all three business segments contributing and the company making excellent progress in executing our strategy of dynamic innovation and optimization. I'm now going to turn the call over to Ben for his comments on the quarter and Ferro's financial position.

Ben Schlater -- Vice President and Chief Financial Officer

Thank you, Peter, and good morning, everyone. I would like to spend a few minutes to review the consolidated financial results from the third quarter of 2018. Please note that the non-GAAP numbers I refer to are on an adjusted basis using constant currency. All third-quarter comparisons are versus the third quarter of 2017.

The financial highlights and results can be reviewed on Slide 3, 4, 5, and 6 in the presentation accompanying today's press release, which you can find on ferro.com in the Investors section. Starting with third-quarter performance on Slide 4. We grew net sales 16.3% to $395.2 million, with organic sales growth of 7.3%. Adjusted gross profit increased 3.5% to $106.6 million.

Adjusted SG&A expense was $56.2 million or 14.2% of net sales. We grew adjusted EBITDA by 8.4% to $63.7 million or 16.1% of net sales, and adjusted EPS increased 12.1% to $0.37. Now turning to Slide 5, I'll quickly go through our year-to-date performance. We grew net sales 16.9% to $1.2 billion.

Adjusted gross profit increased to 8.7% to $353.5 million. Adjusted gross profit margin was 29%. We grew adjusted EBITDA by 13.7% to $202.9 million or 16.7% of net sales. Adjusted EPS increased 15.8% to $1.17. With that, I'll review onetime adjustments for the third quarter and provide an overview of SG&A expenses and other income and expense lines.

For the third quarter of 2018, there were a few non-GAAP adjustments primarily related to our corporate development acquisition activity and optimization initiatives. First, in cost of sales we had adjustments of approximately $1.1 million due primarily to acquisition costs related to optimization activities. In SG&A, we had onetime adjustments of $8.2 million consisting of legal, professional, and other expenses related to certain corporate development activities as well as fees associated with certain optimization initiatives. Under restructuring and impairment, there was an adjustment of approximately $2.6 million in the third quarter related to actions to advance our optimization initiatives and acquisition synergies.

In other income and expense, we had an adjustment of about $1.3 million, primarily related to impacts of currency in Argentina. And we had an adjustment of $2.4 million for special items being tax effected at the respective statutory rate where the item originated. Now turning to Slide 6, I will go through SG&A. The third-quarter adjusted SG&A expense was $56.2 million or 14.2% of net sales, compared with $57.6 million or 16.9% of net sales in the prior year quarter as stated on a constant-currency basis.

We continue to see good operating leverage as we grow the top line while maintaining tight range on SG&A. That brings me to cash flow. As Peter mentioned earlier, we are very pleased with the efforts our team has made to improve the efficiency of the balance sheet for 2019. For the third quarter, adjusted free cash flow from continuing operations was an inflow of $79.1 million, which compares to an inflow of $20.8 million for the prior-year quarter.

We define adjusted free cash flow from continuing operations as GAAP operating cash flow less CAPEX, then we add back cash used for our most significant optimization projects, acquisition-related items, and restructuring. Beginning with operating cash flow, the most meaningful components are as follows: starting with GAAP net income of $16.1 million, we add $14.2 million of depreciation and amortization, $33.5 million from working capital, $10.6 million of change in other balance sheet items, and then we subtract $1 million of other noncash P&L items to arrive at cash used for operating activities of $73.4 million on a GAAP basis. Then we subtract $20.6 million of capital expenditures to arrive at $52.8 million of free cash flow for the quarter on an unadjusted basis. Our practice has been to adjust this number for cash flow related to our strategic activities.

These include: one, cash related to our most significant optimization projects; two, M&A-related cash flow; and three, cash from restructuring programs. The quantification of those three adjustments for the third quarter are as follows: $18.1 million for the optimization projects, $5.6 million related to M&A, and $2.6 million related restructuring. This brings adjusted free cash flow for the quarter to $79.1 million. Dividing this by our adjusted EBITDA in the third quarter gives us an adjusted free cash flow conversion of 124%.

As a reminder, our guidance for the year on this basis is 40% to 45%, and we are targeting the high end of that range, as Peter mentioned. In the past, you have heard us discuss one of our more significant optimization projects, which involves a series of related optimization initiatives. To remind you, this is the project that we expect will deliver approximately $30 million of incremental EBITDA by 2020. We are please at this point to able to share a more complete picture of the economics.

I'd like to begin with total cash spent related to the project. We anticipate that to be around $73 million, of which $48 million has already been spent. Of the remaining $25 million, we anticipate approximately $15 million to be spent in the fourth quarter and the remaining $10 million to be spent in the first half of 2019. From these investments, we expect the following financial benefits: approximately $8 million of EBITDA benefit in 2019 incremental to 2018; approximately $30 million of EBITDA benefit in 2020 also incremental to 2018.

So $30 million of benefit in total, eight of which is expected in 2019 and $22 million of which is expected in 2020. Further, none of this benefit is revenue related and nearly all of it is expected to be at the cost of sales line in the P&L. In addition, we are expecting incremental benefits to cash conversion from this program. That represents the summary we wanted to share on the economics.

Peter will further discuss this project with you in his remarks on optimization. Next, I wanted to share our activity relating to repurchases of Ferro common stock. In the first nine months of 2018, Ferro repurchased $17 million of its shares, $11 million of which was in the third quarter. Further, in the fourth quarter, we had purchased an additional approximately $11 million, bringing the total for the year to $28 million.

The company's Board of Directors recently approved an additional $50 million of share repurchase, which brings -- which means we now have a total of approximately $70 million of unused capacity with which to repurchase company stock. We intend to continue repurchasing shares as circumstances and prudence warrants. Both the optimization project and the share repurchase activity just discussed we consider strategic investments from a cash perspective. Given that, we wanted to share our thoughts on the impact to the leverage for the year.

We ended the quarter with net leverage of 3.2 times. At the end of the year, we expect to be around 2.9 times, which includes our expectations for unadjusted free cash flow in the fourth quarter and all spending on the optimization projects and share repurchases. In summary, we expect continued focus on the balance sheet and cash flow to optimize our economic returns and put us in a position to take advantage of opportunities that may arise to strategically invest and further grow our business. This concludes my prepared remarks on the third quarter of 2018.

I'll now pass the call back to Peter to provide an update on our dynamic innovation and optimization phase and our long-term outlook. Peter?

Peter Thomas -- Chairman, President and Chief Executive Officer

Thank you, Ben. Now in our Investor Day almost exactly one year ago, we explained the dynamic innovation and optimization phase of our value-creation strategy. Over the past year, we shared a great deal with you about innovation initiatives and how they have contributed to an energized company culture, where new products, new formulations, new technologies, and new applications are constant things in our work. We haven't talked as much specifically about optimization, but I can assure you that our teams are deeply engaged in optimization initiatives as well.

We have a broad range of global optimization initiatives under way, some of which we have completed. For example, over the last few years, we have closed six manufacturing facilities and six sales offices, and we are in the process of closing another six production facilities by the end of 2019. We continually assess our facilities and capabilities to increase productivity and efficiency, and we will continue to seek out additional opportunities through optimization, whether involving side consolidation or other actions to drive value. This morning, I want to share more about actions we are taking to optimize manufacturing, our balance sheet, and functional SG&A.

Let's begin with manufacturing. Our focus is to ensure we have global manufacturing capabilities that allow us to be highly efficient in delivering products to our customers and that position as well to serve our evolving markets. And very importantly, we also wanted to be close to our customers so that we can provide the technical support they rely upon for their success. These are key things for us.

Our manufacturing optimization initiatives include developing technical and manufacturing centers of excellence with new equipment, state-of-the-art production processes, and new technologies. Depending on the size and scope of the manufacturing center of excellence, we may make changes to R&D, supply chain logistics, and customer service to support the facility. In the past, you have heard us discuss a major project in our optimization efforts. To remind you, this is the project we expect to deliver approximately $30 million of incremental EBITDA by 2020.

I want to share with you today more about that project as it is nearing completion. We expect the completed program to begin contributing to our financial performance in 2019 and, as reported in the news release, to contribute approximately $8 million to $10 million in adjusted EBITDA in 2019. We anticipate the adjusted EBITDA run rate benefit by the end of 2020 to be $30 million. The second area of optimization that I want to address today relates to the balance sheet.

As you know, we have transformed our business to target the higher end of the tile market, which has increased growth and lifted the margins in our Performance Coatings business. However, the high-end tile market generally requires longer accounts receivable centers. To address this, we are evaluating an accounts receivable facility specifically for our tile business, through which we can sell the receivables and thereby accelerate our receipt of payment. We would expect this facility to be accretive to our cash position and EPS and to improve our economic return.

We plan to use any funds received from the facility to pay down debt. We are working on this facility and expect it to be in place in the fourth quarter of 2018. And finally, let's talk about functional optimization. Our value-creation strategy has been transformative in many ways.

We are taking cost out of the business by focusing all our efforts on becoming a leading technology-driven, functional coatings, and color solutions business. We continue to encourage a culture of efficiency and productivity throughout our organization. We have been able to capture synergies from acquisitions made in recent years in both back office and other functions. We have optimized our talent in connection with these acquisitions, elevating the best people from our base business and the acquired businesses to drive the company forward.

In addition, every department in the business is focused on driving 2% more efficiency. We are pleased with the contributions these optimization initiatives have made to Ferro's performance and our teams have embraced the importance of continuously driving efficiency. We see more optimization opportunities ahead. Now I want to comment once again on the Vision 2020 goals that we laid out at the Investor Day last year.

As a reminder, those goals include $1.7 in annual revenue, organic growth of at least 3% to 4%, and 2% annual optimization efficiency within the business. We also expect our optimization efforts to produce gross margins of 33% to 34%, EBITDA at 20% plus and free cash flow conversion of 50% to 60%. We are well on our way to achieving these outcomes. For example, we expect the stabilization of raw materials pricing to contribute 100 to 150 basis points to gross margin.

We expect that optimization efforts will improve those margin by another 150-or-so basis points, and we expect that organic growth initiatives will contribute another 50-or-so basis points. So let's bridge from where we are today to 2020 by looking at 2019. In 2019, we expect to see top-line growth of at least 3% to 4%. We expect much of that growth to flow through to gross profit, with gross profit margins improving 45 to 50 basis points.

We also expect to see a benefit from raw material prices in 2019 adding about 70 to 80 basis points to gross profit margin. And finally, we would expect to see about 50 to 60 basis points improvement from the optimization program we have described. This translates roughly to a 31% gross profit margin in 2019. We intend to deploy cash in a prudent way that drives shareholder value.

We would expect to continue to be repurchase shares in 2019 on an opportunistic basis and within our leveraged targets. With this preliminary look at 2019, perhaps you can see why we are so confident that we are on track to achieve or exceed our 2020 goals. Thank you, and I'll -- let's return the call to Kevin for the Q&A.

Questions and Answers:

Kevin Cornelius Grant -- Head of Investor Relations

Thanks, Peter. With that, operator, let's open up the call for our first question.

Operator

Thank you. [Operator instructions] We have a question from the line of Rosemarie Morbelli with Gabelli & Company. Please go ahead.

Rosemarie Morbelli -- Gabelli & Company -- Analyst

Thank you. Good morning, everyone.

Peter Thomas -- Chairman, President and Chief Executive Officer

Good morning.

Rosemarie Morbelli -- Gabelli & Company -- Analyst

And congratulations on the progress you are making. Peter, I -- you announced recently the acquisition of some technologies and you emphasized technologies more than operations. I was wondering where we stand, what they are going to bring, and if you could give us a little more details on what is happening there.

Peter Thomas -- Chairman, President and Chief Executive Officer

Sure. We'd love to do that, and thank you for your compliment. We feel the same as you realting to what's going on here. But during last call, we mentioned that we had a range of, let's call them, technology acquisitions to fill the gaps in our portfolio.

So here's where we stand today because we were able to add another one since the last call. But in total, we have acquired seven types of technology platforms, if you will, companies. And let me give you an example of what the revenue and EBITDA in synergy -- adjusted EBITDA might be from that handful of seven types of deals. So we're looking at revenue somewhere between, let's call it, $70 million and $80 million.

We're looking at EBITDA anywhere between $10 million and $13 million, and synergy-adjusted EBITDA anywhere between $20 million and $25 million. That would put us at an acquisition multiple by eight and synergy adjusted at 4.1. So again, within the framework, but here's what's important, when you look at that collection, let's share with you as much as I can with a lot of real detail, but let me give you a high level. What we've acquired are advanced water-based glass coatings, probably three or four technology platforms that we did not have and are new in the industry.

We also complemented our high-end tile business with adjacent higher-end tile additives that enhance the performance of our current high-value product offerings. We also acquired a high-end dye electronics business that complements our key customers' requirement for the way we service the customer. Actually, that particular deal was driven by our customers asking us to do that. We also bought some very interesting automotive types of coatings.

I won't be more specific around the substrate. But again, it's just another type of technology platform that we've added that will continue to differentiate us. We also bought a complementary range of [Inaudible] silica chemistry around CMP slurries. Again, complementing our product offering to our key customers who wanted us to do and add that type of technology.

And we also added the last high-end tile glaze producer in a way that we now have over 30% of the high-end market for tile coatings solutions and our relative market share has now up to almost three. So we've pretty much filled in this year most of technology gaps that we felt we had so that we can really leverage all those synergies in 2019 and 2020. So there's just a brief summary. Let me add another piece of information because I think that it's important.

You always hear us talk about adding technology and that's why we're delivering the type of vitality index and that's why we continue to jump the chasm twice versus our competition in many of the markets we serve. In 2012, Ferro actually possessed 21 market-leading technology platforms and about 60% of our revenue in 2012 was from leadership positions. Where we stand now through the balance of this year, Ferro now has 51 market-leading technology platforms and over 92% of our revenue is coming from a market leadership positions. So that's the reason why we spent a lot of time around organic activity, the pipeline, the vitality index, and why we speak so often around filling those technology platforms because our breadth and depth of technology offerings is really, really desired by our high-end customer base.

So that's where we are for the deal so far this year. And by the way, I will add, we're at the table with a couple more and we hope to maybe get one more deal done. We have letters of intent in place and we'd love to close one more deal with a very interesting complementary technology platform.

Rosemarie Morbelli -- Gabelli & Company -- Analyst

OK. Thank you. That is very helpful. So that does that mean that by the end of this year, you will have spent somewhere between $100 million and $150 million in M&A in line with what you are projecting?

Peter Thomas -- Rosemarie Morbelli-Gabelli & Company

Yes, and -- the answer is yes. And -- but I also want to add a couple of other things. It's very important. We always talk about investmentcapital around deals and remember, we would view like that major capital or that cost, if you will, of that major program and even our stock buybacks a strategic investment.

So if you add all those together, we're approaching about $200 million of investment capital of what we would define as strategic investments, including investing in ourselves, which, as you know, we believe is very strategic because intrinsically, our stock is really undervalued and we believe in ourselves.

Rosemarie Morbelli -- Gabelli & Company -- Analyst

And if you could -- if I could ask another couple of questions, the SG&A ratio is at its lowest at 14.2% of sales. Is that sustainable or were there are some kind of temporary steps taken during the third quarter?

Peter Thomas -- Chairman, President and Chief Executive Officer

Thank you for bringing that up. What you see there, Rosemarie, part of the reduction had to deal with incentive comp reduction. Basically, that's what that is.

Ben Schlater -- Vice President and Chief Financial Officer

Rosemarie, I would just add to that. In addition to that, we are seeing base company SG&A, the leverage there improve, particularly as we've added the deal. So effectively what's happening is you're seeing base company SG&A stay flat as the top line grows and that's adding a fair amount of leverage as well.

Rosemarie Morbelli -- Gabelli & Company -- Analyst

OK. And then lastly, if I may, could you talk about the environment in China. You touched on it, but could you give us a little more details vis-a-vis the competitive environment as well as the tariffs and trades?

Peter Thomas -- Chairman, President and Chief Executive Officer

Yes. Actually, I will tell you, China for us regardless of what you -- it's kind of what we said -- what I mentioned in the prepared remarks, we do see what everyone else is seeing, but we positioned ourselves in higher-end markets where we're buffering ourselves a bit or we have some coverage of protection, if you will. But also we positioned, as you know, over the past 18 months, our technology in certain markets where we're starting with very little. So the law of small numbers is actually helping us.

But one thing you should be aware of. As it relates to what we're dealing with in China and Asia in general, basically for the third quarter year over year, if we look at automotive, for example, our automotive business is up of over 11% in China. Our industrial applications with center activity and the like were up 30%. When you look at other types of electronic applications that I mentioned in my prepared remarks, where up over 30% in that area as well.

When you look at our Color Solutions business, surface tech is up well in the double digits. Our pigments business is up mid-double digits, in the teens. Even with our tile business, because of the environmental impact where a lot of companies are being shut down to the credit of the government, even our tile business is up over 20%. And that would be on all -- in all product lines like prints, colors, our FAS product line, and porcelain enamel is up in high-single digits.

So the environment there for us whether it's because of the environmental shutdown or the tariffs are not hurting us because we produce locally. And again, the demand for our higher-end products is really significant. So we're actually enjoying one of our better years in China and Asia this year.

Rosemarie Morbelli -- Gabelli & Company -- Analyst

Thank you very much.

Operator

And we have a question from the line of Mike Sison with KeyBanc. Please go ahead.

Mike Sison -- KeyBanc Capital Markets -- Analyst

Hey, guys. Nice quarter.

Peter Thomas -- Chairman, President and Chief Executive Officer

Hi, Mike.

Mike Sison -- KeyBanc Capital Markets -- Analyst

Peter, I wanted to make sure I understood the walk for '19. I think you said $8 million in cost savings. Was it $20 million in acquisitions and then raw materials would be a benefit and then, I guess, finally would be the organic sales growth, right? Is that how we should look at it?

Ben Schlater -- Vice President and Chief Financial Officer

Hey, Mike. It's Ben. Yes, I think so. I mean, if we jump off our guidance for 2018, and we add to that, sort of 3.5% growth, we think that that will turn into EBITDA, Mike, somewhere in the range of $16 million.

And then you take the optimization savings of $8 million and add it to that and then you've got a deals of about another $8 million. And then finally, we think that -- Peter referenced 70 to 80 basis points of margin enhancement because of raws flipping around, that's about another $12 million. So when you rack all that up, again, $12 million from raws, $16 million from growth, $8 million from optimization, $8 million from deals, you get to about $315 million for next year or so. And as we sit here today, I mean, look, as we look at the business, demand is strong, raw materials are going down.

So as we sit here, we feel pretty good about sort of that range for next year from an EBITDA perspective.

Mike Sison -- KeyBanc Capital Markets -- Analyst

Great. Great. And then in terms of 2020 period, you talked about being able to get there with just as is without more acquisitions. And I guess, if you think about getting to 1.7 or so in sales, kind of the walk that I'm seeing, plus 20% EBITDA margins, the growth from '19 to '20 is even stronger.

Is that the way to think about that maybe?

Peter Thomas -- Chairman, President and Chief Executive Officer

Yes. No, you're right. I mean, if you look at this year where we expect to end, Mike, which I think is, $1.632 million in revenue and with that type of growth you're seeing, there is a good possibility that we could hit that $1.7 billion next year.

Mike Sison -- KeyBanc Capital Markets -- Analyst

Right. Great. Thank you.

Peter Thomas -- Chairman, President and Chief Executive Officer

2020.

Operator

[Operator instructions] We have a question from David Begleiter with Deutsche Bank. Please go ahead.

David Wong -- Deutsche Bank -- Analyst

Hi. It's David Wong here for David. I guess, in terms of the four acquisitions that you did in the quarter, how do you expect them to contribute to your growth? And can you also discuss the synergies and margin profiles of the acquired businesses?

Ben Schlater -- Vice President and Chief Financial Officer

Yes. So -- Hi, it's Ben. I think we -- as we just talked, for next year in '19, we expect those deal at the EBITDA line to contribute about $8 million. And the deals when taken collectively, next year, we also expect to be margin accretive from a gross margin perspective.

Now maybe to you, Peter. You want to talk?

Peter Thomas -- Chairman, President and Chief Executive Officer

Yes. Relative to the specific gross margins, rather than discuss the specifics, let me give you a different way of looking at it because I don't want to provide a lot of detail. But if you're looking at the water-based coatings, which would be positioned in our performance colors and glass business, let's say, that the profile of those new product lines would have anywhere between 800 and 1,000 basis points higher than the current portfolio of that business with the high-end dye electrics and the other slurry business, that would be probably in line with our other electronic type of applications, which would be anywhere between 55% and 80% depending on what the mix is. And as it relates to the high end -- remaining high-end tile contribution with additives as well as the high-end glazes and the like, they would have gross margins that are probably 1,500 to 2,000 basis points higher than the current aggregate for the tile business.

Does that help you?

David Wong -- Deutsche Bank -- Analyst

Yes. And secondly, I guess, on the $30 million optimization savings, can you roughly break that down by segments?

Peter Thomas -- Chairman, President and Chief Executive Officer

No, we're not in a position to do that at this point, but early January, we'll tell you everything in detail. Right now that project is nearing completion. Things are moving, things are starting up, things are being made, new systems and processes being vetted. Everything is a go.

We're ready to -- we're just ready to push the button, but we'll be very specific here very shortly. And hopefully, you will hear what we have to say, although we've been talking about it for two years, and I think we made some reference on the last call that we thought that maybe -- that were even more exciting opportunities and variants of that that you'll be as excited as we are. It will address your comfort level as to why we feel so confident about that project and what it means to us next year too.

David Wong -- Deutsche Bank -- Analyst

OK. Thank you.

Operator

Our next question is from John McNulty with BMO Capital Markets.

John McNulty -- BMO Capital Markets -- Analyst

Yes. Good morning. Thanks for taking my question. So I guess, a question on the fixed cost absorption and the dialing down of production to kind of push out inventories.

I guess, when you think about what the actual impact was on the margin, what was that? And is that something we should be thinking about kind of going forward as to how you kind of manage your second half numbers? Or is that kind of more -- just a onetime -- or this is what we needed to do this quarter to kind of get ready for the optimization plan?

Peter Thomas -- Chairman, President and Chief Executive Officer

Oh, there you go. I'm glad -- there you said something very important, to get ready for the optimization plan. So let's go through that. And John, I think you know us pretty well and you have an idea of how you link that.

Let's make sure we're clear about something. One of the most important things that we're establishing here is we really want to be responsible for the actions that we take, and we're taking prudent actions. We've all been around long enough to know there's so much noise in the marketplace. John, whether it's real, whether it's contrived, whether it's self filling, it doesn't matter.

The bottom line is sometimes where there's smoke, there is fire. And the last thing that we want to do is play catch-up with something that could be more significant going forward. So we took the third quarter as an opportunity to advance maybe some of the things that we would typically do in the fourth quarter. We thought that was the responsible thing to do and that it was prudent because we had some things that we were hearing from a macro perspective.

You know how we feel that we believe that we're sheltered so much, but it doesn't mean we're immune to it. And if, in fact, things occur, like some people think, the last thing we want to do at Ferro is run around in the fourth quarter and first quarter and telling you in the call that we're doing mitigation plans and we're doing this. That isn't the case. We're catching this potential right by the handle.

So we took actions to address in line, and rightsize our inventory mix for our customers that we selected to grow with. And if you remember, in the first two quarters, you heard me talk about extracting value for the value proposition. And part of that value proposition was six months of studying. What is the right mix that we feel we should have that would reward us for the value we bring to the customers? So we took six months of data, we processed that information and we came up with a mix that we felt was absolutely essential for us to move in the third, fourth, and first quarters so that we can flush the system with materials that we might not have an interest in.

So the combination of being in a state of preparedness for any potential downturn, the alignment of the right mix for customers that we might have done in the fourth quarter, but we took an earlier action, if you put all those together, it was the absolute right thing to do. And that really meant about $0.03 to us, John, to be very candid with you, but that was our decision. There's nothing fundamentally wrong with the business. We have significant demand.

We have great organic growth. We're going to experience more organic growth in the fourth quarter. We don't want to be reactive at the last minute. We want to jump the curve and get ahead of it because at the end of the day, if you're swimming in a stream with a bunch of animals, you sure want to be upfront and upstream instead of downstream, right? So that's the deal.

We want to get this thing straight going into the year. We've done the right thing and the second thing is raw materials were $0.02. One of that we were aware of. We've made it clear.

So I've already identified $0.04 a year we were aware and/or we did. It was self-inflicted. The other thing that there was a precipitous drop with cobalt where it jumped -- it dropped like 20% and then 30%, and everything is based on LME. We got caught in a little bit of a jam that are going to cost [Inaudible].

But the $0.03 in the cobalt and the materials, I mean, that's transitory. I mean, you heard us talk about the comeback into the fourth quarter and the first quarter. So when you look at our math, as we see the headlines that we missed this and we missed that, look, we're guiding for the year, we're very nimble, and we're going to do the right things for the business because we have a clear line of vision to what this is going to be next year. We essentially gave you a very good look, if you're doing the math, and I'm not sure how many people are doing that, but I think it looks like 2019 is shaping up to be a very, very respectable year for us.

Again, which should be seven in a row. So I'm not sure if that answered your question, but obviously, you see we're passionate about. We are doing things that we feel prudent and right for the business, and we want to stay ahead of the curve.

John McNulty -- BMO Capital Markets -- Analyst

No. That's perfect. Very clear and very helpful. One last question, I think -- Ben, I think you had mentioned earlier that the optimization program, in addition to the $30 million of cost saves, there might be some working capital and cash flow benefit as well.

You are at a point where you can give us some clarity on that or is it a little bit early on it?

Ben Schlater -- Vice President and Chief Financial Officer

It's a little early, John, but here's what I think we can help. This is something that will really help get you our adjusted free cash flow conversion target. So as we sit here today, in that 45% range, as we bridge to 2020 and somewhere between 50% and 60%, this is going to have a significant impact of getting us to here -- from here to there. I think what you'll find is that in 2019, you will find our free cash flow conversion accretive to where we end up in '18 because of it.

John McNulty -- BMO Capital Markets -- Analyst

Great. Thanks very much.

Operator

We have a question from Kevin Hocevar with Northcoast Research. Please go ahead.

Kevin Hocevar -- Northcoast Research -- Analyst

Hey. Good morning, everybody. Nice quarter.

Peter Thomas -- Chairman, President and Chief Executive Officer

Hey, Kev.

Kevin Hocevar -- Northcoast Research -- Analyst

I was wondering if you -- you've gone on a nice spree here in terms of acquisitions. So wondering if you could just kind of touch on the pipeline of that. I know you typically have a pretty full pipeline of acquisitions in various degrees of exploration, but -- so wondering if you can kind of comment on how that pipeline looks and how we can extract, obviously, you've done a lot lately, but what can we expect over the next couple of months or so?

Peter Thomas -- Chairman, President and Chief Executive Officer

OK. Good. As I mentioned earlier, we do have LOIs with two. We're hoping to close one -- another one by the end of the year, which should give us another -- actually both these deals have very intriguing market-leading technology profiles.

So we feel there's a possibility we can at least get one of them done. Our pipeline over and above that, as we still maintain that we're in heavy conversations, again, with another five. We still maintain our 100 to 150 investment capital, but remember what I just mentioned, that would also include our on stock buybacks on an opportunistic way. We view that as a deal and think about that, there's no integration either, by the way.

But, again, intrinsically, we believe we're undervalued. So we're being very opportunistic. And again, part of the reason why we wanted to -- now we're going to share something else with you. If, in fact, what some people believe is a little bit of a head storm in the first and second quarters of next year, we wanted to our yearly tighten our cash position up in a way that maybe some of the things we're looking at to be had at a more preferred value or there could be other things out there if the market does take a turn, that we would be in a very nice position to capture something at a more a reasonable price.

And that's another reason why we took the actions in the third quarter just to make sure that we're cash ready with some of the types of investments we're thinking of.

Kevin Hocevar -- Northcoast Research -- Analyst

Gotcha. OK. And on the raw material side, just another quick one there on -- expecting that to be a $20 million flip in EBITDA next year and a nice little bump to gross margin. Can you give just a little color there? Is that a net raws versus pricing number? Or is that simply raws? And is that something that raw is kind of going to stay where they are at today? And which are the ones, I know you mentioned cobalt has come down. I think as we've what talked about -- just give us some color on -- just a little more color on that raw material piece.

Ben Schlater -- Vice President and Chief Financial Officer

Hey, Kevin, sure. No problem. Yes, that $12 million is a net number, right? So that would be the benefit we see come back through with the gross margin line. It does assume that raw materials stay where they're today.

With respect to your question on cobalt, we are aware of sort of there's a view in the market that cobalt may go back up. We are not seeing that the areas where that identify the market is sort of outside of our supply chain and not different grade of cobalt. And other thing I would mention is we have largely reformulated a pretty significant amount of cobalt out of the supply chain. The Performance Coatings team has done a very, very good job at that in 2018.

So from a raws perspective, we feel very good into the fourth quarter and into 2019.

Peter Thomas -- Chairman, President and Chief Executive Officer

Kevin, just to add something realtime. Our chief procurement officer is in China at a cobalt conference. So she has been keeping us pretty much up to date here. And basically, just to summarize, something that she just said, there's not much of concern here at the cobalt conference.

So it seems like whatever is out there, doesn't seem like it's -- maybe it's hyped up a little bit, but it doesn't seem to be too much of an issue coming out of that conference.

Kevin Hocevar -- Northcoast Research -- Analyst

OK. Great. That's great. Thank you very much.

Kevin Cornelius Grant -- Head of Investor Relations

Operator, we have time for one more question.

Operator

And we have a question from a Mike Harrison with Support Global Securities. Please go ahead.

Mike Harrison -- Seaport Global Securities -- Analyst

Hi, good morning.

Peter Thomas -- Chairman, President and Chief Executive Officer

Hi, Mike.

Mike Harrison -- Seaport Global Securities -- Analyst

Wondering if you can talk a little bit about your business in Turkey. I'm just wondering if you're seeing any impacts from some of the political and economic situation on your production that's based there and maybe on the markets that you serve in and around that country?

Peter Thomas -- Chairman, President and Chief Executive Officer

Yes, just like the second quarter when we discussed this, our Turkish business is up double digits, and we're just not -- we're positioned in things that are more high end and lower volume and good margins, and we're very pleased with our beachfront that we built in Turkey, and we have an expectation with all that's going on that we're going to do more.

Mike Harrison -- Seaport Global Securities -- Analyst

All right. And then also wondering about kind of the pricing and mixed front, the efforts that you've been making in response to raw material inflation that we've been seeing over the past several quarters. It seems like you guys have made some changes in your approach and then pretty successful particularly in Performance Coatings. Just wondering kind of how sustainable or sticky, you think, that some of these pricing and mix improvements could be such that as you expect to see raw maybe move in the other direction, how confident you can be that you hang on to this pricing, rather than give it back to the customer?

Peter Thomas -- Chairman, President and Chief Executive Officer

Yes, good. I'm glad you brought that up, and thanks for recognizing that. Ben, not that I'm asking the question for him. But why don't you share the magnitude of the price increases that we've accomplished because I think that's an important point.

Ben Schlater -- Vice President and Chief Financial Officer

Yes, sure.

Peter Thomas -- Chairman, President and Chief Executive Officer

First and then we can answer the rest of the...

Ben Schlater -- Vice President and Chief Financial Officer

Yes, so year to date, the business across all segments has pulled $33 million of price year over year. And of that $33 million, two thirds or about $21 million sits in Performance Coatings. So I can tell you something that's something that's not been done before in Performance Coatings in that amount of time. So that's very, very significant and I think sort of testament to Julio Garcia and his team what they've been able to do from a price perspective.

Peter Thomas -- Chairman, President and Chief Executive Officer

And here's kind of what the strategy would suggest. The reason why that is, is because we're repositioning that business in the higher end, number one. And the fact that they were able to get the magnitude of that $21 million also would suggest how sticky it might be, if that helps you.

Mike Harrison -- Seaport Global Securities -- Analyst

All right. And then the last question I had is in your 10-Q, the Color Solutions business, it references $3.8 million in higher manufacturing costs. So I just wanted to understand, is that related to some of the fixed costs absorption and some of the self-inflicted things you did this quarter or is something else going on there? Thanks.

Ben Schlater -- Vice President and Chief Financial Officer

No. That's it, Mike. It was largely in Color Solutions, that's one of our highest-margin businesses and the absorption impact would be felt more there. So the planned actions that we took there sat largely in Color Solutions.

Mike Harrison -- Seaport Global Securities -- Analyst

All right. Thanks very much.

Kevin Cornelius Grant -- Head of Investor Relations

We would like to thank everyone for joining us on the call today. We appreciate your interest in Ferro and we look forward to discussing our results with you again next quarter. Have a good day.

Operator

[Operator signoff]

Duration: 60 minutes

Call Participants:

Kevin Cornelius Grant -- Head of Investor Relations

Peter Thomas -- Chairman, President and Chief Executive Officer

Ben Schlater -- Vice President and Chief Financial Officer

Rosemarie Morbelli -- Gabelli & Company -- Analyst

Peter Thomas -- Rosemarie Morbelli-Gabelli & Company

Mike Sison -- KeyBanc Capital Markets -- Analyst

David Wong -- Deutsche Bank -- Analyst

John McNulty -- BMO Capital Markets -- Analyst

Kevin Hocevar -- Northcoast Research -- Analyst

Mike Harrison -- Seaport Global Securities -- Analyst

Ben Schlater -- Vice President and Chief Financial Officer

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