As voters in Idaho, Michigan, Mississippi and Hawaii head to the polls on Tuesday for the GOP primary, they should take a closer look at the frontrunner's tax plan and what that could mean for their wallets.
Donald Trump’s plan would sharply reduce the top tax rate on individual income from 39.6% to 25% and broadly reduce rates for individuals with lower incomes. His plan would also lower the tax rate on corporate income from 35% to 15%, and apply this 15% to other “business income.”
While his plan limits certain tax preferences and deductions, it does not include any reductions in federal spending. As a result, the Trump plan increases the federal deficit over the next decade by $10 trillion or $12 trillion, according to several estimates that do not include macroeconomic changes in GDP, investment and employment. Of course, these so-called “static” estimates do not reflect the potential tax revenue from the economic growth resulting from lower tax rates. However, even under “dynamic” scoring, which takes into account a broad range of macroeconomic effects of tax proposals, his tax cuts would still expand the federal deficit over the next decade by $10 trillion — on top of the $10 trillion increase in the federal deficit already projected under current law.
Let’s consider two prominent analyses of the Trump tax plan -- one by the Tax Foundation and the other by the Tax Policy Center. Despite their different methodologies, they both estimate that the Trump plan would cut tax revenues by over $10 trillion in the next decade.
Starting with a “static” analysis, the Foundation estimates that the Trump plan would cut tax revenues by $12 trillion. Then, using “dynamic” scoring, the Foundation says that the lower tax rates will generate higher GDP growth and more jobs. Nevertheless, the Foundation still concludes that the Trump tax plan will reduce tax revenues by $10.18 trillion over the next decade.
Most importantly, the Foundation’s prediction of more economic growth is based on a dubious assumption about the Trump plan --”provided that the tax cut could be appropriately financed. ” In other words, the Foundation assumes that Trump’s plan would offset its huge tax cuts by similar reductions in federal spending. Yet, Trump's plan contains no such spending reductions.
By contrast, the Center uses a model that allows for individual behavior responses but not macroeconomic effects, such as GDP and employment growth. The Center initially estimates that the Trump plan would decrease tax revenues by $9.5 trillion over 10 years. The Center then increases this estimate to $11.2 trillion to reflect the incremental interest that the US Treasury would pay on the additional $9.5 trillion in national debt -- since the Trump plan has no cuts in federal spending.