(Bloomberg) -- For all the trepidation coursing through the bond market at the start of 2025, Treasuries are up on the month as traders remain on watch for how President Donald Trump’s tariff and immigration policies will develop.
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After a rollercoaster stretch, the Bloomberg US Treasury index is up about 0.6% this month through Thursday and benchmark yields are hovering near their lows for this year. A positive January return for the world’s biggest debt market seemed unlikely just weeks ago. Bonds slumped in December and in the first half of this month, partly on speculation that Trump’s proposals for steep tariffs would reignite inflation.
It took until Thursday for the president to indicate he’d follow through on some of his tariff threats, meaning investors who had been bracing for levies to be imposed on day one of his term had a couple weeks of relief. Treasuries also got a major boost mid-month from cooler-than-forecast inflation data, and then as Monday’s equities rout fueled a surge in haven demand.
“The near-term and medium-term macro outlook is exceptionally murky given the lack of clarity around policy,” said Michael de Pass, global head of rates trading at Citadel Securities. “We are in a time of great uncertainty and likely high volatility, so markets are going to cover big and broad ranges.”
Trump on Thursday said he would impose 25% tariffs on imports from Mexico and Canada on Feb. 1, and he said the tariff levels “may or may not rise with time.” He also indicated that he would impose 10% tariffs against China.
Treasuries showed a muted reaction to the Thursday remarks, in part as investors said they were waiting to see if the warnings were a negotiating tactic.
“The bond market is shrugging it off until implementation,” to see what it includes and more importantly how long it lasts, said George Catrambone, the head of fixed income for the Americas at DWS Group.
The fixed-income market faces some other big challenges in the weeks ahead. Data on jobs and inflation are looming that will help shape expectations for the Federal Reserve after policymakers paused their easing cycle this week and signaled they’re in no hurry to cut again.
On Friday an update on the Fed’s favored inflation gauge, the personal consumption expenditures index, showed a 2.6% increase in December from a year earlier, up from a 2.4% pace the previous month — still firmly above the central bank’s 2% inflation target. Ten-year Treasury yields were little changed after the release at around 4.52%, down from a more than one-year high of 4.81% touched on Jan. 14.