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ASML Holding (NASDAQ: ASML) is one of the world's most important semiconductor equipment companies. It's the largest supplier of photolithography systems for optically etching circuit patterns onto silicon wafers.
It's also the only producer of high-end extreme ultraviolet (EUV) lithography systems for manufacturing the world's smallest, densest, and most power-efficient chips. All of the world's top foundries -- including Taiwan Semiconductor Manufacturing, Samsung, and Intel -- use those systems.
But over the past 12 months, ASML's stock declined 25% as the Nasdaq Composite rallied nearly 20%. That pullback, which was largely driven by macro and regulatory concerns, could represent a great buying opportunity for three simple reasons.
1. It's monopolized a crucial semiconductor technology
It took ASML, which is based in the Netherlands, more than two decades to develop its cutting-edge EUV technology. These massive systems require multiple planes to ship and dedicated teams for on-site assembly and testing. Its current-gen low-NA (numerical aperture) systems, which are used to produce chips as small as 2 nanometers (nm), cost about $180 million. Its new high-NA systems, which are used to produce even smaller chips, cost roughly $380 million.
ASML's entrenched position and high production costs have prevented any other smaller lithography system makers from cracking the EUV market. In other words, it's monopolized a crucial technology for developing the world's most advanced chips -- so it will remain a linchpin of the semiconductor sector for the foreseeable future.
2. Its cyclical slowdown is temporary
ASML's sales grew by the double digits from 2020 to 2023 as PC shipments accelerated during the pandemic's height, new 5G smartphones hit the market, and the AI market heated up.
| Metric | 2019 | 2020 | 2021 | 2022 | 2023 | 2024 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Revenue Growth | 8% | 18% | 33% | 14% | 30% | 3% |
| Gross Margin | 44.7% | 48.6% | 52.7% | 50.5% | 51.3% | 51.3% |
| EPS Growth | 1% | 38% | 69% | (2%) | 41% | (3%) |
Data source: ASML. In euros. EPS = earnings per share.
In 2024, its revenue and earnings growth slowed down as it lapped the AI market's initial growth spurt, dealt with tighter restrictions on its system sales to Chinese chipmakers, and gradually transitioned from its low-NA EUV systems to its high-NA EUV systems. But even as it faced those headwinds, its gross margins held steady as it maintained its pricing power.
For 2025, ASML expects its revenue to rise 6% to 24% with a gross margin of 51% to 53%. Analysts expect its revenue and EPS to grow 15% and 23%, respectively.