This $500 Billion AI Data Center Investment Could Accelerate Demand for This Crucial Fuel

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President Trump recently announced that several companies in the private sector are teaming up to invest up to $500 billion into infrastructure for artificial intelligence (AI). The Stargate project, backed by OpenAI, Softbank, and Oracle, will build 20 data centers in the country, with the initial one already under construction in Texas.

Those data centers will require a tremendous amount of electricity to power all the specialized chips needed to run AI applications, meaning the companies will probably need to build power plants specifically to supply electricity to these facilities. Given their power requirements, which include needing a steady and constant source of electricity, they'll probably initially turn to natural gas to meet some of their power requirements. That could help accelerate the demand for that crucial fuel.

Turning on the gas

Many companies will benefit from rising natural gas demand. It will enable natural gas producers to drill more wells and increase their output. That rising supply will drive the need for more infrastructure to support it, which will benefit energy midstream companies by enabling them to expand their systems. It will also provide opportunities for utilities to distribute more gas to their customers and build more natural gas power plants.

Leading gas pipeline operator Kinder Morgan (NYSE: KMI) discussed this project and the impact of AI on gas demand during its fourth-quarter conference call. CEO Kim Dang stated:

We think the natural gas demand is going to grow by 28 Bcf [billion cubic feet] a day between now and 2030, and part of that is power demand. In those numbers, though, we only have power demand up about 3 Bcf a day, and, I think, there are a lot of numbers that are much higher than that 3 Bcf a day in terms of power demand. I've seen numbers at 10 Bcf a day. And so, I think, there is the potential for upside, above the 28 Bcf of growth that we are projecting.

Put another way, Kinder Morgan currently expects that data centers, the main catalyst fueling the growth in power demand, could contribute to around 10% of the expected demand growth for gas through 2030, or 3 Bcf/d out of the 28 bcf/d. However, that could be a conservative estimate. In an upside scenario, data centers could contribute to the consumption of up to an incremental 10 Bcf per day of gas by 2030. For perspective, the total U.S. natural gas demand was 108 Bfc per day in 2023. That implies data centers could increase gas demand by as much as 9% over the next several years, with the overall demand rising by about a third.