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Mortgage interest tax deduction: How it works and when it makes sense
When you file your income tax returns each year, the mortgage interest deduction (MID) can be one of the most valuable benefits of homeownership. Or it can be worthless.
That contradiction exists because the value of the MID depends on whether your itemized deductions exceed the standard deduction, and that depends on how much mortgage interest you paid during the year, your other deductions, and your standard deduction for your filing status and the tax year.
Sounds complicated? Well, it is.
Dig deeper: Standard deduction vs. itemized deduction: Which is best for you?
In this article:
Is mortgage interest tax deductible?
Mortgage interest is generally tax deductible. However, you should be aware of some important rules, limits, and exclusions before you claim this deduction on your tax returns.
The federal Tax Cuts and Jobs Act of 2017 (TCJA) limited the MID to interest paid for the first $750,000 of mortgage debt for loans originated after Dec. 15, 2017. Previously, the limit was $1 million of mortgage debt. For married couples filing separately, those limits are cut in half.
The TCJA continued to allow mortgage interest for both a primary residence and a second home to be deducted, but the new law excluded interest paid for home equity loans or home equity lines of credit (HELOCs) unless the funds were used to build, buy, or make significant improvements to the home that secures the loan. Previously, interest paid for up to $100,000 of home equity debt could be deducted regardless of how the funds were used.
The previous rules are still important because the TCJA is scheduled to sunset at the end of 2025. After the 2025 tax year, the previous rules will again be in effect unless Congress extends the TCJA MID provisions or makes other changes to the MID.
Read more: HELOC vs. home equity loan: Which is better for you?
How to claim the home mortgage interest deduction
To claim the MID, you'll have to itemize your deductions on your tax returns. Itemizing can be complicated and generally makes sense only if your deductions exceed your standard deduction, which is available if you choose not to itemize.
For the tax year 2024 — which you will file in 2025 — the standard deduction for most taxpayers is $14,600 for individuals, $29,200 for joint tax filers, and $21,900 for heads of household. Those amounts are "indexed" (i.e., adjusted) for inflation, so they can and typically do change from year to year.
Before the TCJA changed the rules at the end of 2017, the standard deduction for most taxpayers was $6,500 for individuals, $13,000 for joint filers, and $9,550 for heads of household.
The higher amounts will be in effect until the TCJA through the 2025 tax year unless Congress extends the standard deduction provisions of the law or makes other changes to the standard deduction. Since the standard deduction is indexed for inflation, it's impossible to predict in advance what the amounts will be for 2026 or subsequent years.
Tip: If you itemize your deductions, you may be able to deduct some or all of your property tax as well as your mortgage interest on your tax returns. The property tax deduction could help you boost your itemized deductions to exceed your standard deduction and make itemizing worth the effort.
There's also another reason the value of your MID may vary from year to year: With a typical fixed-rate mortgage, the interest portion of your monthly mortgage payment — the part that may be tax-deductible — gets smaller as a portion of your payment over time. A smaller deduction may diminish your tax savings.
The MID is part of the federal tax code. State tax codes typically also allow this deduction.
Special rules may apply if you rent out your home for part of the year or use part of your home as a home office for business purposes.
Read more: Here are 7 free tax filing options
Should you buy a home to get the mortgage interest deduction?
As a general rule, the more income you earn and the bigger your mortgage is, the more valuable the MID may be for you if you itemize your deductions and your itemized deductions exceed the standard deduction for your filing status for a given tax year.
That said, the MID shouldn't be a reason to get a bigger mortgage — or any mortgage — if you can't afford the monthly payment or you're not financially comfortable with the payment, the other costs of owning a home, and all your other expenses.
If you are going to buy a home and itemizing your deductions makes sense for you, the MID could be a nice tax-saving opportunity to take advantage of.
Learn more: Are closing costs tax deductible?
Mortgage interest deduction FAQs
Is mortgage interest 100% tax deductible?
It depends on how much housing debt you have. For most borrowers, you can deduct interest payments on up to $750,000 of home loan debt in 2024 — including your primary mortgage and any second mortgages, such as home equity loans and HELOCs. If you're married filing separately, your mortgage interest is tax deductible on up to $375,000 of mortgage loan debt.
Is there a $10,000 limit on the mortgage interest deduction?
No, you are not limited to deducting $10,000 of mortgage interest. As long as you itemize your tax deductions, you can deduct interest paid on up to $750,000 of mortgage debt (or $375,000 if you're married filing separately).
Can you no longer deduct mortgage interest?
You can still deduct mortgage interest if you opt to itemize your tax deductions rather than take the standardized deduction. Interest paid on home equity loans and HELOCs are no longer deductible unless you use these second mortgages to buy or build a house, or to make significant home improvements. This rule is in effect through the end of 2025.
